“零净土地占用”计划和实践:欧洲经验与中国借鉴  

The “No Net Land Take” Plan and Practice:European Experience and Lessons for China

作　　者：江曼琦[1,2] 钟抒慧 JIANG Man-qi;ZHONG Shu-Hui

机构地区：[1]南开大学经济学院 [2]南开大学经济行为与政策模拟实验室

出　　处：《河北学刊》2025年第3期161-172,共12页Hebei Academic Journal

基　　金：2017年度国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国城市生产、生活、生态空间优化研究”(17ZDA069)。

摘　　要：2010年代欧洲推行的“零净土地占用”计划,通过“土地占用”和“再自然化”的转换杠杆,动态平衡城市生产生活和生态保育用地需求之间的矛盾,顺应了更加绿色和可持续性的时代发展要求。本文在分析“零净土地占用”计划产生的时代背景基础上,阐释了“土地占用”“再自然化”等“零净土地占用”核心概念以及控制人工化土地的新增和扩大城市土地再自然化规模两条关键实施思路,并引介了欧洲国家立法、税收、财政和综合平衡的机制与制度创新等实施工具。通过分析中国实施“零净土地占用”计划的必要性和可行性,建议因地制宜推行“零净土地占用”战略,完善相关法律、推进相关财税改革和各项制度创新。The“No Net Land Take”program implemented in Europe in the 2010s dynamically balances the conflicts between urban production,living and ecological conservation through the conversion levers of“land artificialization”and“re-naturalization”.The plan aligned with a greener and more sustainable urban and society.On the basis of historical context,the paper explains the relevant core concepts of“land use”and“re-naturalization”,as well as the two key implementation strategies:controlling the new land use and expanding the scale of re-naturalization.It also introduces the implementation tools of European countries,such as the legislation,taxation,finance,and the mechanism of comprehensive balance and institutional innovation.The paper further discusses the necessity and feasibility of implementing the“No Net Land Take”plan in China and suggests promoting according to China’s urban spatial and demographic characteristics.Finally,the paper gives relevant policy recommendations:improving the relevant laws and promoting the relevant financial and tax reforms and various institutional innovations.

关 键 词：“零净土地占用” 再自然化 空间治理 城市可持续发展 

分 类 号：F293.2[经济管理—国民经济]