草原公路长时程驾驶条件下信息量对驾驶员脑电信号的影响  

Influence of information volume on drivers’EEG during long-distance driving on prairie highway

作　　者：戚春华[1] 苏杭 李航天[1] 季天行 QI Chunhua;SU Hang;LI Hangtian;JI Tianxing(College of Energy and Transportation Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010018,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学能源与交通工程学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2025年第4期1-7,130,共8页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51768057);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2020BS05036)。

摘　　要：【目标】为优化草原公路交通工程设施设置,规避长时间单调行车环境带来的行车风险,对不同信息量水平的交通标志在时间累积效应下对驾驶员脑电信号产生的影响规律进行探究。【方法】考虑到草原地区地貌、公路线形及路侧景观特殊,选取具有典型特征的草原公路路段进行150 min的实驾试验。通过连续采集驾驶过程中10名被试的脑电信号,并选取两个反应驾驶员精神状态和认知过程的敏感指标,对其进行整体趋势变化观察和前后两程组间不同信息量等级的差异分析,并结合时间、信息量进行双因素方差分析。【结果】交通标志信息量处于20~30 bits负荷水平时,驾驶员精神状态较好且对信息感知判断和决策能力受驾驶时间影响较小,为建议信息量等级,范围以外都会导致时间累积效应下疲劳累积加速;双因素方差分析中信息量变化对beta波作用主效应显著,时间累积效应在(alpha+theta)/beta指标上得以反映,而驾驶时间与信息负荷水平交互作用显著。【结论】信息量不足或过载在时间累积效应下负面影响严重威胁驾驶安全,故针对草原特殊长距离行车环境,交通工程设施设计信息量建议衡量设施设置位置不同及驾驶员行车时间的增长进行进一步细致优化。[Objective]To optimize the setting of prairie highway traffic engineering facilities and avoid the driving risks caused by long-term monotonous driving,the influence of traffic signs with different information volumes on drivers’EEG under temporal summation was explored.[Method]Considering the landform,highway alignment and roadside landscape in prairie regions,the prairie highway section with typical characteristics was selected for a 150-minute driving test.The EEG signals were collected continuously from 10 participants during driving;and two sensitive indicators,reflecting drivers’mental state and cognitive process,were selected.The indicators were observed for overall trend variation.The difference of information volume levels between two courses was analyzed.Then,combining with time and information volume,the two-way analysis of variance was performed.[Result]When the traffic sign information volume is at the load level of 20-30 bits,the drivers’mental state is good.The ability to perceive,judge,and make decisions on information is less affected by driving time,which is the recommended information volume level.Beyond this range,the fatigue accumulation will accelerate under the temporal summation.In the two-way analysis of variance,the main effect of information volume variation on beta wave is significant.The temporal summation is reflected on the indicator(alpha+theta)/beta;and the interaction between driving time and information load level is significant.[Conclusion]The insufficient information volume or overload seriously threaten driving safety under temporal summation.Therefore,in view of the special long-distance driving on prairie highways,the traffic engineering facility design information volume is recommended to be further optimized for judging the different facility locations and the growth of drivers’driving time.

关 键 词：交通工程 交通标志信息量 时间累积效应 脑电信号 草原公路 

分 类 号：U491.52[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]