通信延迟对车联网交通流演化的影响  

Influence of communication delay on traffic flow evolution on Internet of vehicles

作　　者：陈宇峰[1] 游康祥 王琰 向郑涛[1] 周旭[1] CHEN Yufeng;YOU Kangxiang;WANG Yan;XIANG Zhengtao;ZHOU Xu(Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vehicular Intelligent Networking and Electronic Control,Hubei University of Automotive Technology,Shiyan,Hubei 442002,China;Research Institute of Highway,Ministry of Transport,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北汽车工业学院汽车智能网联与电子控制湖北省工程研究中心,湖北十堰442002 [2]交通运输部公路科学研究院,北京100088

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2025年第4期17-23,共7页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：教育部中国高校产学研创新基金项目(2021FNA04017);国家重大科技基础设施未来网络试验设施(CENI)开放试验项目(2022A0213)。

摘　　要：【目标】车联网是未来智能交通系统的核心组成部分,研究车联网环境下联网车辆渗透率和通信延迟对交通流稳定性及演化复杂性的影响具有重要意义。【方法】基于联网车辆和普通车辆对交通信息获取的差异性,区分联网车辆与普通车辆的期望间距规则和随机慢化规则,提出了考虑通信延迟影响的改进刹车灯元胞自动机模型,并通过数值模拟分析不同联网车辆渗透率和通信延迟下的交通流演化特性。【结果】数值模拟表明:(1)联网车辆渗透率的提高显著提升了道路通行能力,渗透率分别为0,0.5和1时,交通流量最大值可分别达到2.5,3.16和4.58;(2)通信延迟的增加导致道路最大交通流量下降,延迟为0.8 s时比0.1,0.3 s和0.5 s分别下降18.18%,13.76%和8.31%;(3)车联网通信延迟越大,交通流越不稳定,通信延迟分别为0.3,0.5 s和0.8 s时,流量样本开始出现波动的车流密度分别为0.22,0.21和0.19,说明随着通信延迟的增大,交通流将更早进入宽运动堵塞状态。【结论】联网车辆的普及有助于缓解交通拥堵,但通信延迟对交通流稳定性和演化复杂性有显著的负面影响,降低通信延迟是提升车联网交通流效率的关键。[Objective]Internet of vehicles(IoV)is a core component of future intelligent transportation systems.Investigating the influence of connected vehicle penetration rate and communication delay on traffic flow stability and evolutionary complexity is quite important.[HTH][Method]Based on the differences of traffic information acquisition between connected vehicles and traditional vehicles,the rules for desired headway and randomization were distinguished.An improved brake light cellular automata model considering communication delay was proposed.The traffic flow evolution characteristics were analyzed with different connected vehicle penetration rates and communication delays.[Result]The increase of connected vehicle penetration rate significantly improves the road capacity.When the penetration rates are 0,0.5,and 1.0,the maximum traffic flow rates reach 2.5,3.16,and 4.58 respectively.The increased communication delay leads to the decrease of maximum traffic flow.When the delay is 0.8 s,the flows decrease 18.18%,13.76%,and 8.31%compared with 0.1 s,0.3 s,and 0.5 s delays respectively.Larger communication delay on IoV induces more serious traffic flow instability.When the delays are 0.3 s,0.5 s,and 0.8 s,the critical densities indicating fluctuations of traffic flow samples are 0.22,0.21,and 0.19 respectively.As the communication delay increases,the traffic flow will get into the wide moving congestion state earlier.[HTH][Conclusion]The popularization of connected vehicles will alleviate traffic congestion.However,the communication delays have negative impacts on traffic flow stability and complexity of traffic evolution.It is important to reduce the communication delay for improving IoV traffic efficiency.

关 键 词：智能交通 改进刹车灯模型 元胞自动机 车联网 通信延迟 

分 类 号：U495[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]