非接触性前交叉韧带损伤患者急性期健侧下肢等速肌力和单腿跳跃动作肌肉活动特征分析  

Analysis on Characteristics of Isokinetic Muscle Strength of the Healthy Lower Limb and Muscle Activity During Single-Leg Jumping Movements in Patients with Acute Non-Contact Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury

作　　者：冉静 罗小兵[1] 许杰 游亮亮 RAN Jing;LUO Xiaobing;XU Jie;YOU Liangliang(Sichuan Province Orthopedic Hospital,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省骨科医院,成都610041

出　　处：《医用生物力学》2025年第2期278-283,共6页Journal of Medical Biomechanics

基　　金：四川省体育局竞技体育科研项目(SCTY2402JTZ)。

摘　　要：目的 将非接触性前交叉韧带(anterior cruciate ligament, ACL)损伤患者急性期健侧下肢的等速肌力指标和表面肌电(surface electromyography, sEMG)信号与健康人群进行对比,为ACL损伤患者健侧下肢继发性ACL断裂的预防提供理论依据。方法 以21名ACL急性期患者(ACL损伤组)和21名健康人(对照组)作为实验对象,进行髋屈、伸、内收、外展和膝屈、伸等速肌力测试,采集单腿跳跃动作时股内侧肌、股外侧肌、半腱肌、股二头肌、臀大肌sEMG信号,通过独立样本t检验分析两组之间相对峰力矩、拮抗肌比率、均方根振幅、共收缩指数等指标之间的差异。结果 ACL损伤患者健侧下肢的伸膝(P=0.040)和伸髋肌力(P=0.041)降低。在单腿跳跃落地动作中,在预激活阶段表现出较低的股内侧肌激活(P=0.014),在反应阶段表现出较低的股内侧肌(P=0.030)和臀大肌(P=0.022)激活。此外,股二头肌-半腱肌的共激活水平也降低(P=0.020)。结论 ACL损伤患者健侧下肢功能在损伤早期就出现变化,这可能提示了ACL损伤患者面临较大对侧下肢损伤风险的原因。Objective The isokinetic muscle strength indicators and surface electromyography(sEMG)signals of the healthy lower limb side of patients with non-contact anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)injury in the acute phase were compared with those of healthy individuals,so to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention of secondary ACL rupture in the healthy lower limb side of patients with ACL injury.Methods 21 patients with ACL injury in the acute phase(ACL injury group)and 21 healthy individuals(control group)were subjected to isokinetic muscle strength tests for hip flexion,extension,adduction,abduction,and knee flexion,and sEMG signals of the vastus medialis,vastus lateralis,semitendinosus,biceps femoris,and gluteus maximus were collected during the single-leg jumping movements.The differences between the two groups in relative peak torque,antagonist 278 muscle ratio,root mean square amplitude,and co-contraction index were analyzed by independent sample t-test.Results The extension of the knee(P=0.040)and hip flexion strength(P=0.041)were lower in the healthy lower limb side of patients with ACL injury.In the single-leg landing action,there were lower activation of the vastus medialis muscle in the pre-activation phase(P=0.014),lower activation of the vastus medialis(P=0.030)and gluteus maximus(P=0.002)in the reaction phase,and also lower co-activation levels of the biceps femoris-semitendinosus(P=0.020).Conclusions At the early stage of injury,the function of the healthy lower limb side of patients with ACL injury changes,which may indicate why these patients face a greater risk of contralateral lower limb injury.

关 键 词：前交叉韧带损伤 等速肌力 表面肌电 单腿跳跃 

分 类 号：R318.01[医药卫生—生物医学工程]