健侧肢体交叉平衡训练对前交叉韧带重建术后康复的影响  

Effects of Contralateral Limb Cross-Balance Training on Rehabilitation Outcomes after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

作　　者：刘超 李建萍 李世佳 邹少鹏 夏建威 张洪浩 李古强[1] 蒋相站 LIU Chao;LI Jianping;LI Shijia;ZOU Shaopeng;XIA Jianwei;ZHANG Honghao;LI Guqiang;JIANG Xiangzhan(School of Special Education and Rehabilitation,Binzhou Medical University,Yantai 264003,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]滨州医学院特殊教育与康复学院,山东烟台264003

出　　处：《医用生物力学》2025年第2期337-343,共7页Journal of Medical Biomechanics

基　　金：中国康复医学会科技发展项目(KFKT-2023-026);中国高等教育学会2023年度高等教育科学研究规划课题(23ZYJ0228);滨州医学院科研基金项目(50012304488)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨交叉平衡训练对前交叉韧带重建(anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, ACLR)术后患者膝关节功能、动态平衡和股直肌激活的影响。方法 将40名ACLR术后5~6周患者随机分为实验组和对照组。实验组在常规康复基础上进行交叉平衡训练,对照组仅接受常规康复。评估膝关节功能(Lysholm评分)、动态平衡及股直肌表面肌电均方根(root mean square, RMS),分析RMS与动态平衡指标的相关性。结果 干预后实验组Lysholm评分显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。在平衡功能方面,实验组步态线长度和单支撑线长度均显著高于对照组(P<0.01),而实验组内外侧位移显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。此外,实验组股直肌RMS显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。股直肌RMS与步态线长度和单支撑线长度呈正相关,与内外侧位移呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论 交叉平衡训练显著提升了ACLR术后患者的膝关节功能、动态平衡能力和股直肌激活水平,支持了交叉迁移理论。交叉平衡训练在ACL术后康复中具有一定的应用价值。Objective To evaluates the effects of cross-balance training on knee function,dynamic balance,and rectus femoris(RF)activation in patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction(ACLR).Methods Forty ACLR patients at 5th-6th week after operation were randomly divided into experimental group and control group.The experimental group received the cross-balance training on the basis of standard rehabilitation,while the control group received only standard rehabilitation.Knee function was assessed with the Lysholm score,dynamic balance,and root mean square(RMS)of RF surface electromyography.The correlation between RMS and dynamic balance was also examined.Results After intervention,the Lysholm score of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01).Regarding balance function,both the gait line length and single support line length of the experimental group were significantly greater than those of the control group(P<0.01).Conversely,the mediolateral displacement of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.01).Furthermore,the RF RMS of the experimental group was significantly larger than that of the control group(P<0.01).The RF RMS was positively correlated with the gait line length and single support line length,whereas it was negatively correlated with the mediolateral displacement(P<0.05).Conclusions Cross-balance training significantly enhances knee function,dynamic balance,and RF activation in post-ACLR patients,supports the theory of cross-education.Cross-balance training has certain application values in ACL postoperative rehabilitation.

关 键 词：前交叉韧带重建 交叉平衡训练 膝关节功能恢复 肌肉激活 

分 类 号：R318.01[医药卫生—生物医学工程]