一种液体弹簧式自身力源膝关节助力矫形器的生物力学分析  

Biomechanical Analysis of a Self-Force Source Power-Assisted Knee Orthosis Actuated by Liquid Spring

作　　者：张烜 万世昌 朱浩明 刘清涛[1] 张静 尉萍萍 靳忠民 ZHANG Xuan;WAN Shichang;ZHU Haoming;LIU Qingtao;ZHANG Jing;WEI Pingping;JIN Zhongmin(School of Construction Machinery,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710064,China;State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710054,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学工程机械学院,西安710064 [2]西安交通大学机械制造系统工程国家实验室,西安710054 [3]西南交通大学机械工程学院,成都610031

出　　处：《医用生物力学》2025年第2期387-395,共9页Journal of Medical Biomechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(12102065);陕西省自然科学基金项目(2022JQ-529)。

摘　　要：目的对一款全新的膝关节助力矫形器进行生物力学分析。方法使用一种液体弹簧驱动的自身力源膝关节助力矫形器,并对穿戴前后的4种运动(水平行走、坐下站起与上下楼梯)进行实验测量。随后使用人体骨骼多体动力学模型对膝关节、髌股关节和髋关节的关节角度与关节压力进行计算分析。通过对穿戴前后关节角度与关节压力的对比,研究此款膝关节助力矫形器对人体下肢关节生物力学的影响。结果在水平行走时,矫形器会减小穿戴一侧膝关节运动角度;坐下站起时,矫形器会减小穿戴一侧膝关节的关节压力。穿戴矫形器对坐下站起时的关节角度无显著影响,但双侧膝关节与髌股关节的关节压力均有下降。上下楼运动中,膝关节角度穿戴侧与未穿戴侧的变化趋势相反,上楼梯时未穿戴侧膝关节峰值角度增加了(14.3±3.6)%。结论膝关节助力矫形器在日常运动中可以降低膝关节与髌股关节的运动角度与关节压力,为膝关节相关疾病患者提供了一种降低膝关节负荷的保守治疗手段。Objective To conduct the biomechanical analysis on a new power-assisted knee orthosis.Methods A self-force source power-assisted knee orthosis was used,and four motions(level walking,sitting and standing,ascending and descending stairs)were measured before and after wearing the orthosis.A musculoskeletal multibody dynamic model was adopted to calculate the joint angles and pressures at the knee,patellofemoral and hip joints.The effects of power-assisted knee orthosis on biomechanical changes of lower limbs were investigated by comparing the joint angles and pressures before and after wearing this orthosis.Results The orthosis would reduce the knee angles during level walking,as well as the knee pressures during sitting and standing on the 387 wearing side.Wearing the orthosis did not significantly affect the joint angles during sitting and standing;however,it led to a significant decrease in joint pressures at both bilateral knee joints and patellofemoral joints.During ascending and descending stairs,the knee angle change on the wearing side was opposite to that on the non-wearing side.The increase of the peak knee angle was(14.3±3.6)%on the non-wearing side during ascending stairs.Conclusions The power-assisted knee orthosis can offer a conservative treatment for individuals with various knee diseases by reducing joint angles and pressures in daily motions.

关 键 词：膝关节助力矫形器 骨骼肌肉模型 生物力学 运动学 步态 

分 类 号：R318.01[医药卫生—生物医学工程]