导师家长式指导对研究生学术业绩的影响:一个有调节的链式中介模型  

The Impact of Tutor Paternalistic Style on Graduate Students'Academic Performance:A Moderated Chain Mediation Model

作　　者：姜雨峰[1] 潘楚林 韩小威[1] Jiang Yufeng;Pan Chulin;Han Xiaowei

机构地区：[1]长春工业大学公共管理学院,吉林长春130012 [2]吉林大学生物与农业工程学院,吉林长春130022

出　　处：《山东高等教育》2025年第2期41-50,91,共11页Review of Higher Education

基　　金：吉林省教育科学“十四五”规划基金重点项目“导师负责制下学科交叉和跨界融合的拔尖创新人才培养机制研究”(ZD22120)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：明确导师指导风格与学术业绩的关系对于提高研究生质量具有重要影响。通过对37所高校的384份样本进行模型检验发现:家长式指导风格中的仁慈式指导和德行式指导对学术自我效能感具有显著正向影响,但对外在学术动机的影响作用并不显著;威权式指导对学术自我效能感具有负向影响,对内在学术动机具有正向影响。内在学术动机对学术业绩具有正向影响,外在学术动机对学术业绩具有负向影响。学术自我效能感不仅在导师家长式指导的3个维度与内在学术动机之间具有中介作用,还在威权式指导与外在学术动机之间具有中介效应。学术动机的2个维度在学术自我效能感与学术业绩之间具有中介作用。此外,导师—研究生交换关系调节了导师家长式指导3个维度与学术自我效能感的关系,并进一步调节了导师家长式指导通过学术自我效能感和学术动机对学术业绩的间接影响。塑造导师家长式指导风格对提升研究生学术业绩具有积极的促进作用。Clarifying the relationship between mentoring styles and academic achievement is crucial for enhancing graduate education quality.This study conducted a questionnaire survey and model testing with 384 graduate students from 37 universities.Results indicate that benevolent and moral guidance dimensions positively influence academic self-efficacy,while their effects on external academic motivation are nonsignificant.In contrast,authoritarian guidance negatively affects academic self-efficacy but positively predicts intrinsic academic motivation.Mediation analyses reveal that academic self-efficacy fully mediates the relationships between all three paternalistic guidance dimensions and intrinsic academic motivation,while partially mediating the authoritarian guidance-external motivation linkage.Both intrinsic(positive)and extrinsic(negative)academic motivation significantly predict academic performance.Notably,the tutor-student exchange relationship moderates the initial relationships between paternalistic guidance dimensions and academic self-efficacy,subsequently regulating the indirect effects on academic performance through dual mediation pathways.These findings emphasize the importance of cultivating balanced paternalistic mentorship styles to enhance graduate education outcomes.

关 键 词：导师家长式指导 研究生学术业绩 学术自我效能感 学术动机 

分 类 号：G643[文化科学—高等教育学]