多模态磁共振在血管性痴呆诊断与早期干预中的研究进展  

Research progress of multimodal magnetic resonance in the diagnosis and early intervention of vascular dementia

作　　者：王炯 张雪竹[1,2] WANG Jiong;ZHANG Xuezhu(First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin 300380,China;National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion,Tianjin 300380,China;Graduate School of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin 301617,China)

机构地区：[1]天津中医药大学第一附属医院,天津300380 [2]国家中医针灸临床医学研究中心,天津300380 [3]天津中医药大学研究生院,天津301617

出　　处：《分子影像学杂志》2025年第4期516-522,共7页Journal of Molecular Imaging

基　　金：天津市科技局重点研发计划科技支撑重点项目(20YFZCSY00810)。

摘　　要：血管性痴呆(VaD)是第二大常见痴呆类型,以注意力、信息处理和执行功能下降为主要表现,其鉴别诊断和早期干预仍存在挑战。MRI以其无创、可重复等优势在VaD的诊断和病情监测中具有重要价值。MRI结构成像能够识别脑白质高信号、灰质萎缩、脑室扩大及血管周围间隙,静息态功能核磁能够显示VaD患者大脑网络的局部活动和功能连接的变化,扩散张量成像可以量化VaD患者白质纤维束的结构异常,动脉自螺旋标记成像能够无创地测量VaD患者的脑血流灌注,磁共振波谱成像则用于检测VaD患者脑内代谢物的浓度水平,多模态磁共振成像协同分析可进一步提高MRI的诊断和病情监测价值。本文对目前多模态MRI在VaD诊断中的研究进展进行综述,为其早期诊断、鉴别诊断、病情监测和干预提供新策略。Vascular dementia(VaD)is the second most common type of dementia,characterized primarily by impairments in attention,information processing,and executive function.Accurate differential diagnosis and early intervention remain challenging.MRI with its non-invasive and reproducible features,plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and monitoring of VaD.Structural MRI can identify white matter hyperintensities,gray matter atrophy,ventricular enlargement,and perivascular space changes.Resting-state functional MRI reveals alterations in local brain activity and functional connectivity in VaD patients.Diffusion tensor imaging quantitatively assesses white matter tract abnormalities,while arterial spin labeling enables non-invasive measurement of cerebral perfusion.Additionally,magnetic resonance spectroscopy detects concentrations of brain metabolites.The integration of multimodal MRI analyses further enhances the diagnostic and monitoring potential of MRI for VaD.This review summarizes recent advancements in multimodal MRI applications for the diagnosis of VaD,providing new strategies for early diagnosis,differential diagnosis,disease monitoring,and intervention.

关 键 词：血管性痴呆 多模态磁共振成像 诊断标志物 

分 类 号：R445.2[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学]