裂缝延伸方向对水平井主压裂缝内支撑剂运移规律的影响  

Impact of fracture propagation direction on proppant transport patterns within the main hydraulic fractures of horizontal wells

作　　者：祁生金 QI Shengjin(Sinopec North China Oil&Gas Company,Zhengzhou,Henan 450006,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化华北油气分公司,河南郑州450006

出　　处：《特种油气藏》2025年第1期167-174,共8页Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs

基　　金：中国石化科研项目“鄂北致密砂岩气藏密切割体积压裂技术”(GXXD-2021-01)。

摘　　要：东胜气田水平井压裂过程中,对主压裂缝内支撑剂运移规律的研究较为缺乏,储层改造效果较差。为此,采用可视化平行板裂缝模拟系统开展了不同裂缝延伸方向条件下主缝内射流铺砂实验,利用Fluent软件模拟了排量、砂比、压裂液黏度、支撑剂粒径对砂堤形态的影响。研究表明:裂缝延伸方向和射流是影响砂堤生长模式和前缘铺置效果的主要因素,与裂缝水平延伸和向上延伸相比,裂缝向下延伸时入口处砂堤高度为其1.79倍和12.17倍,前缘铺置率分别为其1.21倍和6.09倍,单条裂缝产能贡献率分别提高2%和24%;施工参数不影响砂堤的生长模式,大排量、高黏度压裂液泵注方式可有效缩短砂堤达到平衡高度的时间,提高了支撑剂的运移能力;高砂比、大粒径泵注方式在短时间内可达到较为理想的主缝铺置效果。该研究成果可为气田压裂工艺优化提供参考。In the process of hydraulic fracturing horizontal wells in the Dongsheng Gasfield,there is a lack of research on the proppant transport patterns within the main hydraulic fractures,leading to suboptimal reservoir stimulation effect.To address this issue,a visual parallel plate fracture simulation system was employed to conduct proppant placement experiments under different fracture extension directions within the main hydraulic fractures.The influence of displacement,sand ratio,fracturing fluid viscosity,and proppant particle size on sand dune morphology was simulated using Fluent software.The study shows that:The orientation of fracture propagation and the proppant placement are the primary factors affecting the growth pattern of sand dunes and the frontal placement efficiency.Compared to horizontal and upward fracture extensions,the height of the sand dune at the entrance is 1.79 times and 12.17 times when the fracture extends downward,with the frontal placement rates being 1.21 times and 6.09 times,respectively.The contribution of single fracture production is increased by 2%and 24%,respectively.Construction parameters do not influence the growth pattern of sand dunes;however,the pumping method of large-displacement and high-viscosity fracturing fluids can effectively reduce the time required for sand dunes to reach equilibrium height,thereby enhancing the migration capacity of proppant.The pumping method with high sand ratios and large particle sizes can achieve a more desirable main hydraulic fracture placement effect in a relatively short period.The research results can provide reference for the optimization of gas field fracturing process.

关 键 词：水平井 压裂 裂缝 支撑剂运移规律 东胜气田 

分 类 号：TE357.1[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]