我国南方紫云英还田的水稻产量和效益的量化研究  

Quantitative assessment of rice yield and profit efficiency of milk vetch returning to field in southern China

作　　者：王建红[1] 冯含笑 曹凯[1] 张贤[1] 徐静[1] 斯林林 徐昌旭[2] 王佳宇 曹卫东[4] WANG Jian-hong;FENG Han-xiao;CAO Kai;ZHANG Xian;XU Jing;SI Lin-lin;XU Chang-xu;WANG Jia-yu;CAO Wei-dong(Institute of Environment,Resource,Soil and Fertilizer,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310021,China;Institute of Soil&Fertilizer and Resource&Environment,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330200,China;College of Environment and Resources,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 311300,China;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所,浙江杭州310021 [2]江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所,江西南昌330200 [3]浙江农林大学资源与环境学院,浙江杭州311300 [4]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2025年第4期819-828,共10页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部—国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-22);国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1700200);浙江省农业科学院专项经费项目(2024R20CB001)。

摘　　要：【目的】通过对我国南方稻区7省(自治区)典型稻田定位试验结果进行大数据分析,量化紫云英还田及配施化肥对水稻产量和经济效益的影响,为明确紫云英在水稻生产上的增产增效作用以及化肥替代能力提供科学依据。【方法】以“紫云英(milk vetch)”、“紫云英与化肥配施(milk vetch combined with chemical fertilizer application)”和“水稻产量(rice yield)”为关键词,在Web of Science、中国知网(CNKI)和百度学术数据库检索2024年4月30日之前的文献。然后基于以下标准对文献进行筛选:1)试验地点在中国南方稻区;2)数据限于大田定位试验;3)试验限于紫云英−水稻轮作系统,并包含不种紫云英休闲对照、紫云英与化肥配施、单施化肥和单施紫云英处理;4)观测结果包含样本量、均值和标准误差。最终获得39篇文献,4850个水稻产量数据。运用数据正态区间估值方法,计算紫云英和化肥的水稻增产率、紫云英的化肥替代率、紫云英及化肥的肥料产投比等特征值。【结果】我国南方稻区紫云英的水稻增产率平均为48.3 kg/t,单季稻低于双季稻但高于早稻系统。化肥的水稻增产率平均为6.18 kg/kg,紫云英的化肥替代率平均为8.52 kg/t。紫云英鲜草产量在22.5 t/hm^(2)时,紫云英产投比平均为2.23,化肥产投比平均为2.66,这些指标在早稻、单季稻、双季稻系统间均无显著差异,紫云英作为肥用的经济价值平均为187.7元/t;当紫云英的鲜草产量低于9.92 t/hm^(2)时,紫云英在紫云英-水稻系统中的经济效益表现为负效益。紫云英-水稻轮作系统的水稻增产潜力比冬闲-水稻轮作系统增加729 kg/hm^(2)。【结论】在我国南方稻区长期紫云英−水稻轮作制度下,紫云英作为肥用的经济价值平均为187.7元/t,对水稻的增产率平均为48.3 kg/t,化肥替代率8.52 kg/t。综合紫云英提升水稻增产潜力等结果,南方稻区应充分重视利用�【Objectives】As one of the three main fertilizer sources for rice production,planting milk vetch and returning to the rice field has a long history in south China.We analyzed the large amount of field experimental data in the seven provinces(autonomous regions)of southern China,trying to quantify the effects of milk vetch return on rice yield and economic benefits,and providing a theoretical basis for making policies boosting the development of milk vetch production and utilization.【Methods】Using the keywords“milk vetch”,“milk vetch combined with chemical fertilizer application”and“rice yield,”we conducted a literature search in Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),and Baidu Scholar databases prior to April 30,2024.Subsequently,the searched literature was screened based on the following criteria:1)the experimental sites were located in the southern rice-growing regions of China;2)the data were limited to field-based,long-term location experiments;3)the experiments focused on the milk vetch-rice farming system and included treatments such as fallow control without milk vetch,milk vetch combined with chemical fertilizer application,chemical fertilizer application only,and milk vetch application only;and 4)the observed results included sample size,mean values,and standard errors.Ultimately,39 articles were obtained,providing a total of 4850 rice yield data points.The data normal interval estimation method was used to calculate characteristic values such as rice yield increasing rate of milk vetch,rice yield increasing rate of chemical fertilizers,substitution rate of chemical fertilizer by milk vetch,and output-input ratio of fertilizers for milk vetch and chemical fertilizers.【Results】In the rice-growing regions of southern China,the average rice yield increase attributed to milk vetch was 48.3 kg/t.The yield increase was lower for single-cropping rice than for double-cropping rice but higher than for early rice.The average rice yield increasing rate of chemical fertil

关 键 词：大数据分析 紫云英 水稻增产量 紫云英的化肥替代率 紫云英产投比 经济效益 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]