基于直接出线结构的特高压交流变压器研制与故障防御能力研究  

Research on the Development and Fault Defense Capability of UHV AC Transformer Based on Direct High-voltage Lead Exit Structure

作　　者：李金忠[1] 汪可 赵义焜 张书琦 李鹏 赵勇进 刘力强[4] 张智勇[5] 严兆楠 柴孟东 LI Jinzhong;WANG Ke;ZHAO Yikun;ZHANG Shuqi;LI Peng;ZHAO Yongjin;LIU Liqiang;ZHANG Zhiyong;YAN Zhaonan;CHAI Mengdong(State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment(Xi’an Jiaotong University),Xi’an 710049,Shaanxi Province,China;China Electrical Power Research Institute,Haidian District,Beijing 100192,China;Xi’an XD Transformer Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710077,Shaanxi Province,China;Baoding Tianwei Baobian Electric Co.,Ltd.,Baoding 071051,Hebei Province,China;TBEA Shenyang Transformer Group Co.,Ltd.,Shenyang 110027,Liaoning Province,China;TBEA Hengyang Transformer Co.,Ltd.,Hengyang 421007,Hunan Province,China;Shandong Power Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 250024,Shandong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]电力设备电气绝缘国家重点实验室(西安交通大学),陕西省西安市710049 [2]中国电力科学研究院有限公司,北京市海淀区100192 [3]西安西电变压器有限责任公司,陕西省西安市710077 [4]保定天威保变电气股份有限公司,河北省保定市071051 [5]特变电工沈阳变压器集团有限公司,辽宁省沈阳市110027 [6]特变电工衡阳变压器有限公司,湖南省衡阳市421007 [7]山东电力设备有限公司,山东省济南市250024

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2025年第9期3297-3307,I0002,共12页PROCEEDINGS OF THE CHINESE SOCIETY FOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFB2407000)。

摘　　要：传统特高压交流变压器出线装置位于的“L型”升高座因半封闭狭小空间特性,油中电弧故障时易引发冲击压力叠加汇聚,撕裂风险较高。为提高特高压变压器故障防爆能力,该文提出一种基于高压直接出线(简称“直出式”)的特高压变压器设计。针对直出式出线装置油纸绝缘优化设计,研制出1000 kV直出式出线装置及样机,通过绝缘裕度、振动及冲击试验验证直出式结构具备绝缘及机械可靠性。结果表明,传统间接式油箱出线结构发生20 MJ电弧故障时结构失效风险高,而直出式出线结构方案可耐受50 MJ电弧故障能量。可知,采用直接出线装置的特高压变压器比传统间接式出线具有更优的抗爆性能。The high-voltage lead exit in conventional UHV AC transformers is installed in a compact ascending flanged base external to the tank.Due to the semi-enclosed and narrow space of the elevated seat,once an arc fault occurs in the lead exit,the accumulation of impact pressure in the elevated seat is more serious than the fault of tank,resulting in a higher risk of seat tearing and explosion.Under extreme faults,a large amount of insulating oil overflows and burns.In order to improve the explosion-proof capability of UHV AC transformers,this paper proposes a design scheme for transformer based on direct output structure.Optimization design was carried out for the oil-paper insulation structure of the direct lead exit.1000 kV direct lead exit device is developed,and the insulation margin,vibration,and impact tests verified that the lead exit has insulation reliability and mechanical stability.A prototype of UHV transformer using direct lead exit structure has been developed and passed the type tests.Simulation shows that the indirect tank outlet structure has a high risk of structural failure when a 20 MJ arc occurs,while the direct outlet can withstand a 50 MJ arc energy.Transformer using embedded lead exit have better anti explosion performance than indirect output devices.

关 键 词：特高压交流变压器 直出式出线装置 电弧故障防御 绝缘裕度 机械稳定性 

分 类 号：TM411[电气工程—电器]