穿堤建筑物与分散土界面渗透稳定性研究  

Seepage stability of dispersive soil-structure interface

作　　者：文纪翔 樊恒辉[1,2] 贾琼瑜 刘宇芊 孙增春 WEN Jixiang;FAN Henghui;JIA Qiongyu;LIU Yuqian;SUN Zengchun(College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;Institute of Geotechnical Engineering/Museum of Problematic Rock and Soil,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学岩土工程研究所/特殊岩土博物馆,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《岩土工程学报》2025年第5期958-967,共10页Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52079116);青年科学基金项目(52108343)。

摘　　要：分散土具有遇水分散流失的特性,位于分散土体中的建筑物在土-水-建筑物耦合作用下往往会出现界面处的渗透变形而发生破坏,常导致水利工程出现险情。采用人工配制的不同程度的分散土,开展分散性试验与抗渗试验,同时考虑穿堤建筑物因不均匀沉降和振动等因素导致的与接触位置填土的分离脱空,对非分散土与分散土开展脱空区在管道上侧和下侧两种位置的裂缝冲刷试验。结果表明:①随着碳酸钠掺量的增加,土样逐渐从非分散向分散转化,临界坡降从120.0降低到12.9,14.7,抗渗性能显著下降。②分散土与非分散土的自身裂缝(无建筑物)均可在反滤料的保护下逐渐愈合,裂缝段试验末分别能承担大于59.0,51.2的坡降,抗渗性能显著提高。③在相同干密度的条件下,与非分散土相比,分散土中的裂缝愈合更快,在较低速的流动水的条件下即可迅速填充堵塞渗流通道。④建筑物-土界面存在裂缝,当裂缝位于建筑物上部时,裂缝可以在反滤料的保护下逐渐愈合,非分散土和分散土分别能承担大于87.4,63.1的坡降,具有一定的抗渗性能;当裂缝位于建筑物下部时,裂缝段基本不承担坡降,在反滤料的保护下裂缝也难以愈合且在高水头下易发生反滤料的管涌破坏。The dispersive soil has the characteristics of dispersing and losing when encountering water.The buildings located in the dispersive soil often suffer from seepage deformation at the interface under the coupling effects of soils-water-buildings,which often leads to dangerous situations in water conservancy projects.By using different artificially dispersive soils,conducting dispersivity and impermeability tests,and considering the separation and void from the soils and buildings caused by factors such as uneven settlement and vibration,the crack erosion tests are conducted on the non-dispersive soil and dispersive soil in the void area at the upper and lower sides of the pipelines.The results show that:(1)With the increase of sodium carbonate content,the soil samples gradually change from non-dispersibility to dispersibility.The critical hydraulic gradient decreases from 120.0 to 12.9 and 14.7,and the impermeability decreases significantly.(2)The cracks(without buildings)of the dispersive soil and non-dispersive soil can be gradually healed under the protection of filter,and the crack section can bear a slope drop greater than 59.0 and 51.2,respectively at the end of the tests,the anti-permeability performance is significantly improved.(3)Under the same dry density,compared with those in the non-dispersive soil,the cracks in the dispersive soil heal faster and can quickly fill and block the seepage channel under low-speed flowing water.(4)When the cracks are located in the upper part of the buildings,the non-dispersive soil and dispersive soil can bear hydraulic gradients greater than 87.4 and 63.1,respectively,and they can gradually heal under the protection of the filter and have certain impermeability properties.When the cracks are located at the bottom of the buildings,the crack section basically does not bear the hydraulic gradient.It is difficult to heal under the protection of the filter,and it is prone to piping of the filter under high water head.

关 键 词：分散土 土-结构接触面 裂缝 渗透稳定性 

分 类 号：TU43[建筑科学—岩土工程]