侧板铰接式穿断层隧道动力模型箱研制及应用研究  

Development and application of a model container with hinged sidewalls for fault-crossing tunnels

作　　者：周鹏发 申玉生[1,2] 高登 黄海峰[1] 张熙[1] 高波[1] 铁明亮[3] ZHOU Pengfa;SHEN Yusheng;GAO Deng;HUANG Haifeng;ZHANG Xi;GAO Bo;TIE Mingliang(Key Laboratory of Transportation Tunnel Engineering,Ministry of Education,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;National Engineering Research Center of Geological Disaster Prevention Technology in Land Transportation,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 611756,China;China Petroleum Pipeline Engineering Corporation,Tianjin 300000,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学交通隧道工程教育部重点实验室,四川成都610031 [2]西南交通大学陆地交通地质灾害防治技术国家工程研究中心,四川成都611756 [3]中国石油天然气管道工程有限公司,天津300000

出　　处：《岩土工程学报》2025年第5期1045-1054,共10页Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52278414)。

摘　　要：为满足当前中国对地下工程抗减震试验技术的需求,研发了一种侧板铰接式穿断层隧道动力模型箱。介绍了模型箱的基本构造和工作原理,并建立了动力模型箱的土-铰接侧板-弹簧集中质量模型。以加速度响应2-范数偏差为指标,分析了边界弹簧刚度对模型箱边界效应的影响,给出了模型箱边界弹簧参数的确定方法。最后,基于该模型箱开展了穿断层隧道大型振动台模型试验,研究了强震作用下断层交界面对隧道结构的影响范围问题。结果表明:模型箱边界效应随模型土阻尼比的增大逐渐减弱;随着边界弹簧刚度的增加,模型土响应与自由场土体响应的2-范数偏差及边界板响应与模型土响应的2-范数偏差均先减小后增大;边界弹簧刚度应该以模型土响应与自由场土体响应2-范数偏差最小值为标准,按照“可柔不能刚”的原则进行确定。振动台试验结果表明,模型系统能够较好反映穿断层隧道交界面附近的分区影响特性;通过衬砌结构整体弯矩和轴力沿纵向的分布特征,得到了断层交界面对隧道结构的影响范围分别为4B(上盘侧)和5B(破碎带侧)。研究结论是对中国高烈度地震区隧道抗震试验技术的丰富,能够为岩土地下工程振动台模型试验提供有益参考。To meet the current demand for anti-seismic testing technology in underground engineering in China,a dynamic model container with hinged sidewalls for fault-crossing tunnels has been developed.The structures and operational principles of the model container are introduced,and a concentrated-mass model for soils,hinged sidewalls and springs is established.Using the 2-norm deviation of acceleration response as the criterion,the influences of spring stiffness on the boundary effects of the model container are analyzed.This analysis provides a process for determining the stiffness of the springs.Finally,large-scale shaking table model tests are conducted using the model container to investigate the impact range of fault interfaces on the tunnel structures under strong seismic actions.The results reveal that the boundary effects of the model container gradually diminish with an increase in the damping ratio of the model soils.With the increase in the spring stiffness,the 2-norm deviation between the model soil response and the free-field soil response,as well as the 2-norm deviation between the hinged sidewall response and the model soil response,initially decreases and then increases.The stiffness of boundary springs should be determined based on the minimum 2-norm deviation between the model soil response and the free-field soil response,following the principle of“flexible but not rigid”.The results of the shaking table tests indicate that the model system can well reproduce the zonal impact characteristics of the tunnel near the fault interface.By analyzing the overall bending moment and axial force distribution characteristics along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel,the impact range of the fault interface on the tunnel is determined to be 4B(hanging wall)and 5B(fracture zone).The findings enrich the seismic testing technology for the tunnels in high-intensity seismic zones in China,providing valuable references for shaking table tests in underground engineering.

关 键 词：隧道工程 振动台试验 铰接侧板 模型箱 边界效应 穿断层隧道 

分 类 号：TU43[建筑科学—岩土工程]