基于最大熵模型和地理探测器的天麻潜在适生区预测研究  

Prediction Study on the Potential Suitable Habitats of Gastrodiae Rhizoma Based on MaxEnt Model and Geodetector

作　　者：席少阳 龚华乾 涂工涵 陈飞 郭旭东 晋玲[1,2] XI Shaoyang;GONG Huaqian;TU Gonghan;CHEN Fei;GUO Xudong;JIN Ling(Gansu University of Chinese Medicine,Lanzhou 730000,China;Gansu Pharmaceutical Industry Innovation Research Institute,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃中医药大学,甘肃兰州730000 [2]陇药产业创新研究院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《中国中医药信息杂志》2025年第4期1-6,共6页Chinese Journal of Information on Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：道地药材产区变迁和生产区划研究(ZYZX-2023-KY-083);中国工程院战略研究与咨询项目(GS2021ZDA06);中医药数字便民和综合统计体系建设项目(2022年);道地药材生态种植及质量保障项目(2023年);国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-21);甘肃省教育厅研究生创新之星项目(2023CXZX-739)。

摘　　要：目的探析当前气候条件下天麻潜在适生区空间分布格局及其生境空间分异的影响因子。方法基于全球生物多样性信息平台等在线数据库获取的137条天麻分布数据和世界气候数据网站下载的104个环境因子,采用最大熵模型预测天麻潜在适生区,应用地理探测器对影响天麻适生区空间分异的环境因子进行量化分析,并将适生区与地表覆盖类型进行叠加分析,得到潜在适生区中林地与耕地的分布特征。结果当前气候条件下,7月份降水量、最冷季度平均温度、最暖季度降水量、9月份水蒸气压力、海拔、12月份太阳辐射是影响天麻分布的主要环境因子。天麻潜在的地理分布范围为1.64×10^(6)km^(2),考虑到地表覆盖类型,天麻可能的适生区面积为1.33×10^(6)km^(2),其中林地面积为8.56×10^(5)km^(2),耕地面积为4.74×10^(5)km^(2)。林地高适生区主要位于贵州、四川、陕西、湖北、湖南、甘肃等省,耕地适生区主要位于贵州、四川、云南、陕西、湖北等省。结论天麻高适生区主要位于贵州、四川、陕西、湖北等省,受太阳辐射、水蒸气压力、温度、降水等因素影响。研究结果可为天麻野生资源保护、人工抚育与生态种植区优选提供参考。Objective To analyze the spatial distribution pattern of potential suitable habitats and the influencing factors of habitat spatial differentiation of Gastrodiae Rhizoma under current climate conditions.Methods Based on 137 distribution records of Gastrodiae Rhizoma sourced from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility and 104 environmental variables acquired from the WorldClim dataset,a predictive model for the potential suitable habitat of Gastrodiae Rhizoma was developed using the MaxEnt model.The geodetector was applied to quantitatively analyze the environmental factors influencing the spatial heterogeneity of the suitable habitats.Subsequently,an overlay analysis with land cover types was conducted to obtain the distribution characteristics of forest land and cultivated land in the potential suitable habitats.Results Under current climate conditions,key environmental factors affecting the distribution of Gastrodiae Rhizoma included precipitation in July,average temperature in the coldest quarter,precipitation in the warmest quarter,water vapor pressure in September,altitude,and solar radiation in December.The potential geographical distribution range of Gastrodiae Rhizoma was 1.64×10^(6) km^(2).Considering land cover types,the actual potential suitable area for Gastrodiae Rhizoma was 1.33×10^(6) km^(2),of which the forest land area was 8.56×10^(5) km^(2) and the cultivated land area was 4.74×10^(5) km^(2).The highly suitable forest areas were mainly located within the provinces of Guizhou,Sichuan,Shaanxi,Hubei,Hunan and Gansu.The cultivated land suitable areas are mainly located within the provinces of Guizhou,Sichuan,Yunnan,Shaanxi and Hubei.Conclusion The highly suitable habitats of Gastrodiae Rhizoma are mainly located in provinces such as Guizhou,Sichuan,Shaanxi and Hubei,and are affected by factors such as solar radiation,water vapor pressure,temperature and precipitation.The research results can provide reference for the protection of wild Gastrodiae Rhizoma resources,artificial nurturing and

关 键 词：天麻 最大熵模型 地理探测器 潜在地理分布 影响因素 

分 类 号：R282.1[医药卫生—中药学]