镉胁迫对重离子诱变选育甜高粱幼苗生长的影响  

Effects of Cadmium Stress on the Seedling Growth of Sweet Sorghum Induced by Heavy Ion Irradiation

作　　者：董喜存[1,2] DONG Xicun(Institute of Modern Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院近代物理研究所,兰州73000 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《中国糖料》2025年第2期1-9,共9页Sugar Crops of China

基　　金：中国科学院科技扶贫项目(Y906030YQ0)资助。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨镉胁迫对重离子诱变选育的甜高粱幼苗生长的影响,评价重离子诱变后代对镉抗性的能力。【方法】采用盆栽试验,将两组培养至三叶期幼苗分别施加50 mg/kg的镉溶液和清水,待14 d后进行形态学和生理指标测定。【结果】与对照相比,50 mg/kg的镉溶液对甜高粱幼苗具有明显的抑制作用,重离子诱变后代‘KFJT-1’和‘KFJT-3’幼苗的株高分别降低了20.66%和17.57%,差异极显著。除株高外,根长、生物量、叶面积、镉含量、电导率、脯氨酸含量和可溶性蛋白含量等主要性状指标在镉胁迫前后在变异系数、相关性分析和主成分分析等方面也具有明显的差异。【结论】甜高粱重离子诱变后代幼苗的抗镉能力增强,生物量、叶面积和根长可作为评价甜高粱抗镉胁迫的重要指标。【Objective】To investigate the effects of cadmium stress on the growth of sweet sorghum seedlings induced by heavy ion irradiation and evaluate the cadmium resistance of their offspring.【Methods】A pot experiment was conducted by treating two groups of seedlings at the three-leaf stage with 50 mg/kg cadmium solution and water(control),respectively.Morphological and physiological indicators were measured after 14 days.【Results】Compared with the control,treatment with 50 mg/kg cadmium solution significantly inhibited the growth of sorghum seedling.The plant heights of heavy-ion-induced offspring‘KFJT-1’and‘KFJT-3’decreased by 20.66%and 17.57%,respectively,with highly significant differences.In addition to plant height,major trait indicators including root length,biomass,leaf area,cadmium content,electrical conductivity,proline content,and soluble protein content also showed significant differences according to the results of coefficient of variation,correlation analysis,and principal component analysis before and after cadmium stress.【Conclusion】The cadmium resistance of sweet sorghum seedlings induced by heavy ions was enhanced,and biomass,leaf area,and root length could be important indicators for evaluating the resistance of sweet sorghum to cadmium stress.

关 键 词：甜高粱 重离子 镉胁迫 相关性分析 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S566.5[农业科学—作物学]