儿童百日咳住院患儿临床特征分析  

Analysis of clinical characteristics of hospitalized children with pertussis

作　　者：康利民[1] 米荣[1] 王亚娟 崔小岱[2] 伏瑾[2] 李莉[1] 李铁耕[1] KANG Limin;MI Rong;WANG Yajuan;CUI Xiaodai;FU Jin;LI Li;LI Tiegeng(Department of Neonatology,Children’s Hospital,Capital Institute of Pediatrics,Beijing100020,China;Central Laboratory,Children’s Hospital,Capital Institute of Pediatrics,Beijing100020,China)

机构地区：[1]首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院新生儿内科,北京100020 [2]首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院中心实验室,北京100020

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2025年第9期106-109,127,共5页China Medical Herald

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金资助项目(7192028)。

摘　　要：目的探讨儿童百日咳的临床特征。方法选择2011年3月至2022年2月首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院270例儿童百日咳住院患儿。分析270例患儿的临床资料;按照病情严重程度将患儿分为重症组和非重症组,对两组临床资料进行比较。结果270例患儿中位发病年龄为2.22(1.00,7.49)个月,中位诊断前咳嗽时间为12.0(8.0,20.0)d,中位住院时长为7(4,12)d,未接种百日咳疫苗206例(76.30%),76例(28.1%)患儿有长期咳嗽患者接触史,221例(81.9%)患儿有阵发性痉挛性咳嗽,53例(19.6%)患儿有咳嗽后鸡鸣样吼声,中位外周血白细胞计数为19.25(14.84,27.61)×10^(9)/L。69例(25.6%)患儿为重症百日咳。两组发病年龄、住院时长、长期咳嗽患者接触史、入院前诊断百日咳、诊断前咳嗽时间、痉挛性咳嗽、咳嗽后呕吐、阵发性青紫、咳嗽时面色潮红、发热、肺部啰音、外周血白细胞计数、C反应蛋白>8 mg/L比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组百日咳疫苗接种状态比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论患儿年龄越小越容易进展为重症百日咳,完全接种百日咳疫苗对于减少重症百日咳的发生有重要作用。Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of children with pertussis.Methods A total of 270 hospitalized children with pertussis in Children’s Hospital,Capital Institute of Pediatrics from March 2011 to February 2022 were selected.The clinical data of 270 children were analyzed;according to the severity of the disease,they were divided into severe group and non-severe group,and the clinical data of two groups were compared.Results The median onset age was 2.22(1.00,7.49)months,the median duration of cough before diagnosis was 12.0(8.0,20.0)days,and the median duration of hospitalization was 7(4,12)days,206 cases(76.30%)were not vaccinated with pertussis vaccine,76 cases(28.1%)had a history of long-term contact with patients with cough,221 cases(81.9%)had paroxysmal spastic cough,53 cases(19.6%)had a chickenlike roar after coughing,and the median peripheral blood white blood cell count was 19.25(14.84,27.61)×10^(9)/L.A total of 69 patients(25.6%)had severe pertussis of 270 children.There were statistically significant differences in onset age,length of hospitalization,history of long-term contact with patients with cough,pertussis diagnosis before admission,cough duration before diagnosis,spastic cough,vomiting after cough,paroxysmal cyanosis,flushing face during cough,fever,pulmonary rales,peripheral blood white blood cell count,C-reactive protein>8 mg/L between two groups(P<0.05).The difference of pertussis vaccination status between two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The younger the children are,the more prone to severe pertussis.Complete-vaccination is important for diminishing the development of pertussis,especially severe pertussis.

关 键 词：百日咳 百日咳鲍特菌 儿童 临床特征 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科]