基于区块链的多模态遥感大数据治理方法与系统  

A Blockchain-Based Governance Method and System for Multimodal Remote Sensing Big Data

作　　者：海那尔·哈那提 张柘 朱利鲁 吴一戎 HAINAER Hanati;ZHANG Zhe;ZHU Lilu;WU Yirong(Suzhou Key Laboratory of Microwave Imaging,Processing and Application Technology,Suzhou 215123,China;Suzhou Aerospace Information Research Institute,Suzhou 215000,China;National Key Laboratory of Microwave Imaging,Beijing 100190,China;Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;School of Electronics,Electrical and Communication Engineering,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 101408,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州市微波成像处理与应用技术重点实验室,江苏苏州215123 [2]苏州空天信息研究院,江苏苏州215000 [3]微波成像全国重点实验室,北京100190 [4]中国科学院空天信息创新研究院,北京100190 [5]中国科学院大学电子电气与通信工程学院,北京101408

出　　处：《河南科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期1-10,M0002,共11页Journal of Henan University of Science And Technology:Natural Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFB3904900);江苏省前沿技术研发计划项目(BF2024027)。

摘　　要：遥感技术作为获取地球信息的重要手段,在资源监测、环境保护、灾害防治、城市规划等领域发挥着越来越重要的作用。随着遥感技术和遥感平台的快速发展,遥感数据量正在呈爆炸式增长,逐步呈现多源、多尺度、多时相、多模态等大数据特征。现有遥感数据治理系统主要采用中心化数据管理方案,难以满足跨部门数据共享的高并发访问以及数据防篡改与可追溯的需求。为此,提出一种基于区块链的多模态遥感大数据治理方法与系统。在异构式分布式存储与统一元信息库的基础上,引入区块链去中心化、防篡改及可追溯的特性,将遥感数据的哈希摘要与元信息关键字段写入区块链,并通过智能合约实现灵活的访问控制与审计跟踪。基于原型系统的设计与实验表明,该方法在保障大数据访问效率的同时,可有效提高多模态遥感数据在多节点环境下的安全性与可追溯能力,能够检测链外数据的篡改行为并支持跨部门协同的权限管理。Remote sensing technology,as a crucial means of acquiring Earth observation information,plays an increasingly important role in areas such as resource monitoring,environmental protection,disaster prevention,and urban planning.With the rapid advancement of remote sensing technologies and platforms,the volume of remote sensing data is growing exponentially,exhibiting characteristics of multi-source,multi-scale,multi-temporal,and multimodal big data.Existing governance systems for remote sensing data predominantly rely on centralized data management schemes,which are inadequate for meeting the demands of high-concurrency access in cross-departmental data sharing,as well as requirements for data immutability and traceability.To address these challenges,this paper proposes a blockchain-based method and system for the governance of multimodal remote sensing big data.Built upon heterogeneous distributed storage and a unified metadata repository,the method incorporates blockchain’s decentralization,tamper resistance,and traceability features.Hash digests of remote sensing data and key metadata fields are recorded on-chain,and smart contracts are utilized to enable flexible access control and audit tracking.The design and experimental evaluation of the prototype system demonstrate that the proposed method ensures efficient access to large-scale data while significantly enhancing the security and traceability of multimodal remote sensing data in multi-node environments.It effectively detects tampering of off-chain data and supports permission management across departments.

关 键 词：多模态遥感数据 区块链 大数据治理 统一索引 去中心化数据库 智能合约 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]