基于麦克斯韦定律的仿石器材雷达性能  

Radar Performance of Stone Imitation Equipment Based on Maxwell’s Law

作　　者：宋旭超 张伟[1] 李明玉 于英霞[1] 刘柯柯 SONG Xuchao;ZHANG Wei;LI Mingyu;YU Yingxia;LIU Keke(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China;School of Civil Engineering,Luoyang University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学土木建筑学院,河南洛阳471023 [2]洛阳理工学院土木工程学院,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《河南科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期69-77,M0006,共10页Journal of Henan University of Science And Technology:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42402291)。

摘　　要：在伪装工程中,为降低岩石仿石器材的雷达暴露特性,可在金属骨架外层添加雷达吸波结构。将高电导率材料(石墨粉末)和高磁导率材料(Fe_(3)O_(4)粉末)作为吸波结构的电磁损耗物质,以麦克斯韦定律为理论基础,设计了阻抗渐进式分层雷达吸波结构。通过电磁仿真确定电磁损耗物质质量配比为石墨粉末∶Fe_(3)O_(4)粉末=1∶3、结构分层为3层,此时,吸波结构电磁屏蔽性能最优。据此,制备了吸波混凝土试件,通过试验对比,研究了吸波混凝土试件相对于普通混凝土试件的雷达屏蔽效果。试验结果显示:频率为2~18 GHz,吸波混凝土试件在入射角为60°时,小于-10 dB的雷达反射率带宽为8.1 GHz,占整体的45%,入射角为30°时小于-10 dB的雷达反射率带宽为6.8 GHz,占整体的37.8%。反射率平均值与普通混凝土相比降低5.08 dB。所研制的雷达吸波结构吸波效果明显,吸收频带宽,为仿石器材雷达伪装提供了技术支持。In camouflage engineering,to reduce the radar exposure characteristics of rock-like stone equipment,a radar absorbing structure can be added to the outer layer of the metal skeleton.The electromagnetic loss materials of high conductivity materials(graphite powder)and high magnetic permeability materials(Fe_(3)O_(4) powder)were taken as absorbing structures,an impedance progressive layered radar absorbing structure was designed based on Maxwell’s law.Through electromagnetic simulation,it is determined that when the mass ratio of electromagnetic loss materials is graphite powder∶Fe_(3)O_(4) powder=1∶3 and the structure is layered into 3 layers,the electromagnetic shielding performance of the absorbing structure is optimal.Based on this,an absorbing concrete test block was prepared,and the radar shielding effect of the absorbing concrete test block relative to the ordinary concrete test block was studied through experimental comparison.The results show that at a frequency of 2~18 GHz,the radar reflectivity bandwidth of the absorbing concrete test block is 8.1 GHz which is less than-10 dB when the incident angle is 60°,accounting for 45%of the total,and the radar reflectivity bandwidth 6.8 GHz which is less than-10 dB when the incident angle is 30°,accounting for 37.8%of the total.The average reflectivity is 5.08 dB lower than that of ordinary concrete.The developed radar absorbing structure has obvious wave absorption effect and wide absorption bandwidth,which provides technological support for radar camouflage of imitation stone equipment.

关 键 词：分层阻抗 电磁损耗 雷达反射率 仿石 复合材料 伪装 

分 类 号：E951.4[军事—军事工程]