纸质文物有机熏蒸剂脱吸附与残留特性检测方法研究  

Research on the desorption and residual characteristics detection methodof organic fumigants for paper cultural relics

作　　者：邓磊 谭博文 覃丹 曹盛 贺渝龙 吴德操 唐欢[2] 罗彬彬[1] 赵明富[1] DENG Lei;TAN Bowen;QIN Dan;CAO Sheng;HE Yulong;WU Decao;TANG Huan;LUO Binbin;ZHAO Mingfu(Chongqing Key Laboratory of Fiber Optic Sensing and Optoelectronic Detection(Chongqing University of Technology),Chongqing 400054,China;Key Scientific Research Base of Pest and Mold Control of Heritage Collection(Chongqing China Three Gorges Museum),National Cultural Heritage Administration,Chongqing 400015,China)

机构地区：[1]光纤传感与光电检测重庆市重点实验室(重庆理工大学),重庆400054 [2]馆藏文物有害生物控制研究国家文物局重点科研基地(重庆中国三峡博物馆),重庆400015

出　　处：《文物保护与考古科学》2025年第2期17-26,共10页Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC1522500)、重庆研究生创新项目(gzlcx20232043)资助。

摘　　要：熏蒸法是目前应用较为广泛的一种文物虫霉病害快速控制手段,但也存在脱附能力弱、残留物容易对文物产生二次损伤等问题。本研究针对三种常用有机熏蒸剂,基于光粒子气体传感法(PID)建立挥发量检测系统,运用菲克(Fick)定律建立单位面积熏蒸剂挥发速率预测模型,精确检测熏蒸剂残留量。研究结果表明,有机熏蒸剂质量浓度与传感器输出值具有良好的线性关系,使用PID光粒子化传感器对香茅醛、柠檬醛、香茅醇三种有机熏蒸剂具有良好的检测灵敏度,分别为2.072 V/(mg/L)、1.287 V/(mg/L)、0.702 V/(mg/L)。通过菲克定律推导出的残留量挥发速率计算模型计算结果表明,三种有机熏蒸剂的实测挥发速率和预测挥发速率的相关系数R 2接近于1,显著性差异P值趋近于0,该模型可准确用于残留挥发速率的计算。此外,研究发现在温度与相对湿度分别为22℃、60%和正常大气压的环境条件下,经柠檬醛、香茅醇、香茅醛这三种有机熏蒸剂完全熏蒸后的宣纸在脱附5 h后,残留量分别趋近于0.1 ng/mm 2、0.06 ng/mm 2、0.01 ng/mm 2;脱附72 h后残留量均趋近于0 ng/mm 2。因此,本研究所提出PID传感器和残留量挥发速率计算模型能够在实际应用中对纸质文物熏蒸的残留量和挥发速率进行准确检测,可为纸质文物熏蒸消毒环节检测工作提供重要的新型技术支持和安全保障。Fumigation is currently a widely used method for rapid control of insect and mold diseases in cultural relics,but it also has problems such as weak desorption and easy secondary damage to cultural relics caused by residues.Focusing on three commonly used organic fumigants,this study has established a volatility detection system based on the photo-ionization detection method.Using the Fick’s law,a prediction model for the volatilization rate of fumigants per unit area was established to accurately detect the residual amounts of fumigants.The results indicate that there was a good linear relationship between the mass fraction of organic fumigants and the sensor output value.The use of photo-particle sensors of the photo-ionization detector(PID)had good detection sensitivities for three organic fumigants—citronellal,citral and citronellol,with values of 2.072,1.287 and 0.702 V/(mg/L),respectively.The calculation results of the residue volatilization rate calculation model derived from the Fick’s law show that the correlation coefficient R 2 between the measured and predicted volatilization rates of the three organic fumigants was close to 1,and the significant difference P value approached 0.This model could be used accurately for the calculation of residue volatilization rates.In addition,it was found that under environmental conditions of 22℃,60%(RH)and normal atmospheric pressure,and after complete fumigation of rice paper,the residual amounts of citral,citronellol and citronellal approached 0.1,0.06 and 0.01 ng/mm 2 after 5 hours of desorption,and all the residual amounts approached 0 ng/mm 2 after 72 hours of desorption.Therefore,the PID sensor and residue volatilization rate calculation model proposed by this study could accurately detect the residual amount and volatilization rate of fumigants used for paper cultural relics in practical applications,providing important new technical support and safety protection for the detection work for the fumigation and disinfection of paper cultural relics.

关 键 词：熏蒸法 熏蒸剂 光粒子气体传感法 预测模型 残留检测 

分 类 号：K876.9[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]