预约合同违约中继续履行的类型化分析  

On the Typology of Continuing Performance in Reservation Contract Defaults

作　　者：孟伟毅 MENG Weiyi(Qingdao University of Science and Technology,Qingdao,Shandong 266061)

机构地区：[1]青岛科技大学,山东青岛266061

出　　处：《呼伦贝尔学院学报》2025年第2期100-105,共6页Journal of Hulunbuir University

摘　　要：本文探讨了预约合同违约中继续履行的适用问题,总结了学界关于继续履行的三种观点:继续履行肯定说、否定说与折中说。随后,本文从应当缔约说与必须磋商说、意思自治原则、民法典关于非金钱给付债务的规定以及可操作性四个角度,证成了继续履行的可行性。基于继续履行折中说的观点,本文采用主客观双重标准对预约合同进行类型化分析,将预约合同分为初级预约、主观原因的瑕疵预约、客观原因的瑕疵预约及完备预约,并得出结论:初级预约与主观原因的瑕疵预约不适宜继续履行,客观原因的瑕疵预约中违约方故意的不可继续履行;过失的可在守约方举证后适用继续履行,完备预约则可适用继续履行。本文结合司法实践,对类型化结论进行了补充,即法院在预约合同违约中适用继续履行时,应充分考虑当事人的意思自治。This paper explores the applicability of continuing performance in the context of breach of reservation contracts and summarizes three academic perspectives on continuing performance:the affirmative view,the negative view,and the compromise view.Subsequently,the paper demonstrates the feasibility of continuing performance from four perspectives:the evaluation of the "should contract" theory and the "must negotiate" theory,the principle of autonomy of will,the provisions of the Civil Code on non-monetary obligations,and the operability of continuing performance.Based on the compromise view of continuing performance,the paper adopts a dual subjective and objective standard to conduct a typological analysis of reservation contracts,categorizing them into primary reservations,defective reservations due to subjective reasons,defective reservations due to objective reasons,and perfected reservations.The paper concludes that continuing performance is not suitable for primary reservations and defective reservations due to subjective reasons.For defective reservations due to objective reasons,continuing performance is not applicable if the breaching party acted intentionally,but it may be applied if the breaching party was negligent and the non-breaching party provides sufficient evidence.Continuing performance is applicable to perfected reservations.Finally,the paper supplements the typological conclusions by considering judicial practice,suggesting that courts should fully consider the autonomy of the parties when applying continuing performance in cases of breach of reservation contracts.

关 键 词：预约合同 继续履行 主客观双重标准 类型化分析 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学]