浙江天目山毛竹皆伐后次生林群落结构与物种组成  

Community Structure and Species Composition of Secondary Forest After Clear Cutting of Phyllostachys edulis in Tianmu Mountain,Zhejiang Province

作　　者：庞春梅[1] 樊民亮 王秀云[2] 姚良锦 PANG Chunmei;FAN Minliang;WANG Xiuyun;YAO Liangjin(Management Bureau of Tianmu Mountain National Nature Reserve,Hangzhou 311311,China;Zhejiang Forestry Academy of Science,Hangzhou 310023,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江天目山国家级自然保护区管理局,浙江杭州311311 [2]浙江省林业科学研究院,浙江杭州310023

出　　处：《浙江林业科技》2025年第2期8-16,共9页Journal of Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：浙江省省院合作林业科技项目(2017SY09);浙江省省本级林业科技推广项目(2022B07)。

摘　　要：为进一步了解毛竹Phyllostachys edulis皆伐后,天然更新次生林群落的恢复效果与演替格局,2023年在浙江天目山国家级自然保护区毛竹皆伐区设置1块100 m×100 m固定样地,对样地内胸径≥3 cm的所有木本植物进行调查、鉴定及定位,分析群落的物种组成、区系分布、径级结构及垂直结构。结果表明:(1)样地内木本植物个体共有6412株,隶属于49科85属110种,其中常绿阔叶、落叶阔叶及针叶树种分别占总物种数的24.5%、71.8%及3.7%;(2)群落重要值前3位的物种分别是白背叶Mallotus apelta、小叶青冈Cyclobalanopsis myrsinifolia和杉木Cunninghamia lanceolata,其重要值之和占总重要值的26.2%;(3)群落成层现象明显,垂直结构由林冠层(12种)、亚冠层(59种)和灌木层(106种)组成;(4)群落所有木本植物个体的径级分布呈倒“J”型,表明群落更新良好,其中优势种径级结构呈倒“J”型、“L”型、单峰型和双峰型等各种分布形态;(5)在科的水平上,热带区系成分占总科数的56.76%,温带区系成分占总科数的43.24%;在属的水平上,热带区系成分占总属数的41.67%,温带区系成分占总属数的52.38%。天目山次生群落具有较高的物种多样性与较复杂的垂直、径级结构,落叶树种占据优势,群落仍处于演替初级阶段。In order to further explore the restoration effect and succession pattern of natural secondary forest after Phyllostachys edulis clear-cutting,one fixed sample plot of 100 m×100 m was established in Tianmu Mountain National Nature Reserve in Zhejiang Province in 2023,where all living woody plants with a diameter at breast height(DBH)≥3 cm were tagged,identified,measured and mapped so as to obtain the analysis of species composition,faunal distribution,diameter structure and vertical structure of community.Results are as follows:(1)In the plot,6412 individuals belong to 110 species 85 genera 49 families including broad-leaved evergreen,deciduous broad-leaved and coniferous species,accounting for 24.5%,71.8%and 3.7%of total species respectively.(2)The top 3 dominant species ranked by the importance values are Mallotus apelta,Cunninghamia lanceolata and Cyclobalanopsis myrsinifolia,of which accounts for 26.2%of the total important value.(3)The community with stratification is obvious and the vertical structure is composed of canopy layer(12 species),sub-canopy layer(59 species)and shrub layer(106 species).(4)The DBH of all individual of community generally fitted an“inverted-J”distribution,indicating good natural regeneration across the community and“inverted-J”“L”,single peak or double peak distribution for diameter structure of the dominant species.(5)On the level of the family,the tropical and temperate floristic elements primarily make up 56.76%and 43.24%separately,while at genus level,the tropical 52.38%,the temperate 41.67%.The secondary community with higher species diversity,more complex vertical and diameter structure is still in the primary stage of succession with deciduous species taking a dominant position in Tianmu Mountain.

关 键 词：物种组成 区系分布 径级结构 垂直结构 次生林群落 天目山自然保护区 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]