西宁市南山3种人工林土壤水分垂直分布特征  

Characteristics of Vertical Distribution of Soil Moisture in Three Artificial Forests in Nanshan Mountain,Xining City

作　　者：张秀芝 陈芝薇 谢启莲 司剑华[1] ZHANG Xiuzhi;CHEN Zhiwei;XIE Qilian;SI Jianhua(College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining,Qinghai 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《浙江林业科技》2025年第2期17-25,共9页Journal of Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：青海省科技厅应用基础研究项目(2020-ZJ-763)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究西宁市典型人工林林地土壤水分剖面分布特征,为改善人工林土壤水环境,实现林水平衡提供理论依据。【方法】选择西宁市南山3种典型林地(油松Pinus tabuliformis×青海云杉Picea crassifolia混交林、油松人工林、青海云杉人工林)作为研究对象,在每块样地布设1个土壤水分观测点,采用管式土壤墒情监测站定位观测2023年5—10月0~100 cm土层土壤体积含水量,分析不同林地类型土壤水分时间动态变化规律。【结果】3种典型人工林平均土壤含水量由大到小依次为油松×青海云杉混交林、青海云杉人工林、油松林;土壤含水量变异系数由大到小排序为油松林、油松×青海云杉混交林、青海云杉林;观测期内土壤水分变化可划分为3个时期:土壤水分稳定期、土壤水分消耗期、土壤水分增墒期。人工林土壤水分垂直变化可划分为土壤水分速变层、土壤水分活跃层和土壤水分稳定层,上层水分变化剧烈,随着土壤深度的加深,水分变化趋势逐渐减弱。【结论】综上,西宁市典型树种土壤水分在生长季变化显著,青海云杉和油松土壤水分在不同时间阶段均较为充沛,可作为当地贮水保水的树种。【Objective】This study aims to explore the distribution characteristics of soil moisture profile,so as to provide theoretical support for improving the soil water environment of plantation forests and realizing the forest-water balance.【Methods】With three typical plantations(Pinus tabuliformis×Picea crassifolia forest,Picea crassifolia forest,Pinus tabuliformis forest)in Nanshan Mountain of Xining City selected as research objects,one soil moisture observation point in each sample plot was set,using the tube-type soil moisture to locate and observe the soil volume moisture of the 0-100 cm soil layer from May to October in 2023,before an anlysis was conducted of the temporal dynamic change patterns of soil moisture in artificial forests.【Results】Average soil water content of three typical plantation forests in descending order is P.tabuliformis×P.crassifolia forest,P.crassifolia forest,P.tabuliformis forest;the coefficient of variation of soil moisture content in descending order is P.tabuliformis forest,P.tabuliformis×P.crassifolia,P.crassifolia forest.The stable period of soil moisture,the depletion period,and the increase of moisture in the soil moisture period are classified during the observation period.The vertical change of soil moisture in artificial forests can be divided into soil moisture rapid-change layer,active soil moisture layer and stable soil moisture layer,the moisture of upper layer changes drastically,its change gradually decreases with the deepening of soil depth.【Conclusion】In conclusion,the soil moisture of typical tree species in Xining City changes significantly during the growing season,and the soil moisture of P.tabuliformis and P.crassifolia is more abundant at different time stages,which can be used as tree species for local water storage and conservation.

关 键 词：土壤含水量 垂直变化 半干旱地区 人工林 混交林 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]