资中县中老年人慢性病共病模式及影响因素分析  

Analysis of Chronic Disease Co-morbidity Patterns and Influencing Factors among Middle-aged and Elderly People in Zizhong County

作　　者：舒慧宇 袁艺宁 冯曦兮 Shu Huiyu;Yuan Yining;Feng Xixi(School of Public Health,Chengdu Medical College,Chengdu 610000)

机构地区：[1]成都医学院公共卫生学院,四川成都610000

出　　处：《哈尔滨医药》2025年第2期44-48,共5页Harbin Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的了解资中县慢性病共病模式,探讨资中县中老年人慢性病共病的影响因素,为共病防控提供参考依据。方法于2023年,采用多阶段分层随机抽样法在资中县抽取4521名中老年人,进行慢性病社会因素调查,对纳入居民展开入户调查。比较不同性别、年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、职业、饮酒情况、参加医疗保险类型的中老年慢性病患病种数;通过潜在类别分析该地区慢性病共病模式,采用多元线性回归分析该地区慢性病共病的影响因素。结果4521名中老年人中慢性病共病患者886例,非慢性病患病者3635例。通过潜在类别分析综合考虑选择三类别模型为最佳模型。多元线性回归分析结果显示饮酒、丧偶、城镇职工医疗保险的中老年人与慢性病共病患病呈正相关(P<0.05),45~59岁在业的中老年人与慢性病共病呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论该地区慢性病共病模式主要为三种“多系统发病类型”“相对健康类型”“心血管疾病型”,在进行日常健康管理时应关注饮酒、丧偶、城镇职工医疗保险的中老年人,以针对性地开展健康管理,减少慢性病共病发生率。Objective To understand the comorbidity pattern of chronic diseases in a certain area of Sichuan,and to explore the influencing factors of chronic comorbidities in middle-aged and elderly people,so as to provide a reference for the prevention and control of comorbidities.Methods In 2023,a multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to recruit 4521 middle-aged and elderly residents in the area for a household survey on social determinants of health for chronic diseases.The number of chronic diseases in different gender,age,marital status,educational level,occupation,drinking habits,and types of medical insurance was compared.The comorbidity pattern of chronic diseases in the area was analyzed by potential class analysis,and the influencing factors of chronic disease comorbidity were analyzed by multiple linear regression.Results A total of 4521 middle-aged and elderly people were included,of which 886 were chronic disease comorbidity patients,with a comorbidity rate of 19.60%(886/4521).Among the non-chronic disease patients,3635 were non-chronic disease patients,Three category model was selected as the optimal model after considering the potential class analysis comprehensively.The results of multivariate linear regression analysis showed that middle-aged and elderly individuals who drink alcohol,have lost a spouse,and have urban employee medical insurance were positively associated with the co-morbidity of chronic diseases(P<0.05),while those aged 45-59 and in employment were negatively associated with the co-morbidity of chronic diseases(P<0.05).Conclusion The chronic disease co-morbidity pattern in the study area is mainly composed of three types of"multiple system disease type""relatively healthy type",and"cardiovascular disease type".In daily health management,attention should be paid to middle-aged and elderly individuals who drink alcohol,have lost a spouse,and have urban employee medical insurance,and targeted health management should be carried out.Reduce the incidence of chronic comorbidities.

关 键 词：慢性病共病 潜在类别分析 慢性病 

分 类 号：R592[医药卫生—老年医学]