基于转子分段斜极的E-Bike轮毂电机振动噪声削弱方法  

Vibration and noise reduction method for E-Bike hub motor based on step-skewed rotor

作　　者：陶大军[1] 周杰[1] 王栋[1] 任永斌 戈宝军[1] TAO Dajun;ZHOU Jie;WANG Dong;REN Yongbin;GE Baojun(National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Large Electric Machines and Heat Transfer Technology,Harbin University of Science and Technology,Harbin 150080,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨理工大学大型电机电气与传热技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《电机与控制学报》2025年第3期88-97,共10页Electric Machines and Control

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金(LH2023E084)。

摘　　要：针对E-Bike表贴式分数槽轮毂电机振动噪声问题,提出转子分段斜极削弱振动噪声方法。基于转子分段斜极方案,确定了引发高振动噪声的径向电磁力波阶数与频率,且借助模态证实了该频率的高振动噪声并非径向力波的低频共振所引发;推导了转子分别采用单边、双边、Z型斜极方案时的径向力波解析表达式,揭示了转子分段斜极对分数槽轮毂电机径向电磁力波的影响规律。以某E-Bike表贴式分数槽轮毂电机为研究对象,分析了不同分段斜极方案的噪声抑制效果,对比研究了优化前后振动加速度频响和噪声频响分布规律。结果表明:双边6段斜极为该电机的振动噪声有效抑制方案,此时2倍频、4倍频噪声分别削弱达8.05%、24.89%,验证了理论推导的正确性和抑制方案的有效性。A method employing rotor segmented skewing was proposed to mitigate vibration and noise in surface-mounted fractional-slot hub motors for E-Bikes.Through the rotor segmented skewing scheme,radial electromagnetic force wave orders and frequencies responsible for high vibration and noise were identified,and modal analysis confirmed that the high vibration/noise frequency was not caused by lowfrequency resonance of radial force waves.Analytical expressions of radial force waves were derived for unilateral,bilateral,and Z-type skewing configurations,revealing the influence mechanism of rotor segmented skewing on radial electromagnetic force waves in fractional-slot hub motors.A specific E-Bike surface-mounted fractional-slot hub motor was investigated,where the noise suppression effects of different segmented skewing schemes were analyzed,and comparative studies were conducted on vibration acceleration frequency response and noise spectrum distribution before and after optimization.The results demonstrate that the bilateral 6-segment skewing scheme effectively suppresses motor vibration and noise,with 2nd and 4th harmonic noise levels reduced by 8.05%and 24.89%respectively.This validates correctness of the theoretical derivations and confirms effectiveness of the proposed suppression strategy.

关 键 词：E-Bike 轮毂电机 振动噪声 电磁力 齿谐波 转子分段斜极 

分 类 号：TM351[电气工程—电机]