明清宣恩乡绅与社会治理  

Local Gentry and Social Governance in Xuan'en during the Ming and Qing Dynasties

作　　者：陈娇 Chen Jiao(China West Normal University,Nanchong,Sichuan)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学,四川南充637001

出　　处：《人文与社会科学学刊》2025年第3期10-16,共7页

摘　　要：自科举制兴起以来,社会人才流动增强,地方产生了乡绅群体。明清之际,乡绅群体作为国家权力的自治末梢,在“国权不下县”的传统社会中发挥着重要作用。宣恩虽是鄂西偏远小县,但产生了庞大的乡绅群体。在儒家道德体系以及官方主流价值观影响下,宣恩乡绅凭借其掌握的社会资源,在维护地方秩序、缓解官民矛盾、教化乡民等方面发挥了重要作用。明清时期宣恩县乡绅群体在社会治理中所发挥的作用虽然只是一个特殊的县域案例,但是在全国乡绅与社会治理的研究中具有借鉴意义,也能从中获得对当今宣恩县发展新乡贤及对社会治理的启示。Since the rise of the imperial examination system,increased social mobility of talents led to the emergence of local gentry groups.During the Ming and Qing dynasties,as autonomous extensions of state power,these gentry played a vital role in traditional Chinese society where"state power did not extend below the county level"(guoquan bu xiaxian).Although Xuan'en was a remote county in western Hubei,it fostered a substantial gentry class.Influenced by the Confucian moral system and state-sanctioned ideologies,Xuan'en's gentry leveraged their social resources to maintain local order,mediate conflicts between officials and civilians,and educate the populace.While the role of Xuan'en's gentry in social governance represents a unique county-level case,it offers insights for broader studies on gentry and governance in China,as well as inspiration for cultivating"new rural elites"(xin xiangxian)in contemporary Xuan'en.

关 键 词：乡绅群体 《宣恩县志》 社会治理 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学]