人工授精+胚胎移植技术在肉牛一胎双犊实践中的应用  

Application of artificial insemination and embryo transfer technology in practice of giving birth to two calves in beef cattle

作　　者：李东 梁爽[2] 梁坤 张妍[4] 张成兴[1] 刘萌 林凯 王凤迪 韩志强 王雨[2] 尹艺静 王占云 白云樵 杨朝成 李士雨 肖健 袁宝[2] LI Dong;LIANG Shuang;LIANG Kun;ZHANG Yan;ZHANG Chengxing;LIU Meng;LIN Kai;WANG Fengdi;HAN Zhiqiang;WANG Yu;YIN Yijing;WANG Zhanyun;BAI Yunqiao;YANG Chaocheng;LI Shiyu;XIAO Jian;YUAN Bao(Jilin Changchun Haoyue Halal Meat Industry Co.Ltd.,Changchun 130062,China;College of Animal Science,Jilin University,Changchun 130062,China;Heilongjiang Provincial Animal Husbandry Station,Harbin 150049,China;Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University,Jilin 132109,China;Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Heilongjiang Academy of Land Reclamation Sciences,Harbin 150038,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省长春皓月清真肉业股份有限公司,吉林长春130062 [2]吉林大学动物科学学院,吉林长春130062 [3]黑龙江省畜牧总站,黑龙江哈尔滨150049 [4]吉林农业科技学院,吉林吉林132109 [5]黑龙江省农垦科学院畜牧兽医研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150038

出　　处：《黑龙江动物繁殖》2025年第2期1-5,共5页Heilongjiang journal of animal reproduction

基　　金：国家肉牛牦牛产业技术体系项目(CARS-37 JLARS-2025-070101)。

摘　　要：试验旨在探讨人工授精与胚胎移植技术结合对肉牛双胎妊娠率的提升效果。试验选取2~3岁的健康沃金黑牛10头和同龄健康荷斯坦牛21头作为受体牛。所有受体牛均先接受人工授精,随后分别移植1枚优质沃金黑牛胚胎,以此评估该组合技术对肉牛双胎妊娠率的促进作用。结果表明:受体牛整体妊娠率达到82.14%,其中双胎妊娠率高达78.26%。具体到不同品种,荷斯坦牛的妊娠率为78.95%,双胎妊娠率为86.67%;沃金黑牛的妊娠率为88.89%,双胎妊娠率为62.50%。此外,试验还发现胚胎移植位置对受体牛的妊娠结果有明显影响。无论是荷斯坦牛还是沃金黑牛,将胚胎移植到卵巢黄体异侧子宫角内,双胎妊娠率均高于移植到同侧子宫角内(荷斯坦牛87.50%vs.85.71%,沃金黑牛66.67%vs.50.00%)。综上所述,人工授精+胚胎移植能够显著提高受体牛的繁殖效率,且荷斯坦牛的双胎妊娠率高于沃金黑牛。This study aims to explore the effect of combining artificial insemination and embryo transfer on the improvement of twinning pregnancy rates in beef cattle.10 healthy 2-to 3-year-old Wagyu Black cattle and 21 Holstein cattle of the same age were selected as recipient cows in this experiment as recipient cows.All recipient cows were first subjected to artificial insemination and then received the transfer of one high-quality Wagyu Black embryo to evaluate the combined effect of these techniques on the promotion of twinning pregnancy rates in beef cattle.The results showed that the overall pregnancy rate of the recipient cows reached 82.14%,with a twinning pregnancy rate as high as 78.26%.Specifically,the pregnancy rate of Holstein cattle was 78.95%,with a twinning pregnancy rate of 86.67%;the pregnancy rate of Wagyu Black cattle was 88.89%,with a twinning pregnancy rate of 62.50%.In addition,the study found that the location of embryo transfer had a significant impact on the pregnancy outcomes of the recipient cows.For both Holstein and Wagyu Black cattle,the twinning pregnancy rate was higher when the embryo was transferred to the uterine horn contralateral to the ovarian corpus luteum than to the ipsilateral uterine horn(Holstein cattle 87.50%vs.85.71%,Wagyu Black cattle66.67%vs.50.00%).The results of this experiment indicate that the combination of artificial insemination and embryo transfer can significantly improve the reproductive efficiency of recipient cows,and the twinning pregnancy rate of Holstein cattle is higher than that of Wagyu Black cattle.

关 键 词：沃金黑牛 荷斯坦牛 人工授精 胚胎移植 双犊 

分 类 号：S823.36[农业科学—畜牧学]