环保信用监管机制法理逻辑的四维表征  

Four-dimensional Representations of the Jurisprudential Logic of the Environmental Protection Credit Supervision Mechanism

作　　者：王莉[1] 吕健豪 WANG Li;LYU Jianhao(School of Law,Henan University of Economics and Law,Zhengzhou 450046,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南财经政法大学法学部,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期81-92,共12页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(23BFX099)。

摘　　要：作为新时代环境治理模式和治理能力现代化新型核心手段的环保信用监管机制,为保障国家政策、地方立法等规范上升为高位阶的国家立法,应当厘清作为前置论题的法理逻辑。通过对既有国家政策、地方性文件等的系统梳理及实践分析,环保信用监管机制的法理主要体现为四重逻辑:一是环保信用监管是内部监管与外部监管的耦合,其中外部监管是由外向内的单向监管,内部监管是由内而外的协同监管;二是环保信用监管是硬法与软法的二元规制,其中软法的协调嵌入是基本规制,硬法的强制保障是补充规制;三是环保信用监管是行政规制与自我规制的契合,其中行政规制是自上而下的政府管制,自我规制是自下而上的反身约束;四是环保信用监管是政府监管与经济激励的协调,其中政府监管是外观表征,经济激励是内核机理。正在制定中的《中华人民共和国生态环境法典》应当在此四重法理逻辑基础上,从横向环保信用协同监管和纵向环保信用过程监管两个维度,系统健全以环保信用为基础的新型生态环境监管机制。As a new core means for the modernization of the environmental governance model and governance capabilities in the new era,the environmental protection credit supervision mechanism should clarify its legal logic,which serves as a preliminary issue,in order to ensure that national policies,local legislations and other norms are elevated to national legislations of a higher rank.Through a systematic combing and practical analysis of existing national policies,local documents,etc.,the legal principles of the environmental protection credit supervision mechanism are mainly reflected in four logics:First,the environmental protection credit supervision is the coupling of internal supervision and external supervision.External supervision is a one-way supervision from the outside to the inside,while internal supervision is a collaborative supervision from the inside to the outside.Second,the environmental protection credit supervision is a dual regulation by hard law and soft law.The coordinated embedding of soft law is the basic regulation,and the compulsory guarantee of hard law is the supplementary regulation.Third,the environmental protection credit supervision is the integration of administrative regulation and self-regulation.Administrative regulation is a top-down government control,and self-regulation is a bottom-up reflexive restraint.Fourth,the environmental protection credit supervision is the coordination of government supervision and economic incentives.Government supervision is the external manifestation,and economic incentives are the core mechanism.The Code of the People’s Republic of China on Ecological and Environmental Protection,which is currently being formulated,should,based on these four legal logics,systematically improve the new ecological and environmental supervision mechanism based on environmental protection credit from two dimensions:the horizontal collaborative supervision of environmental protection credit and the vertical process supervision of environmental protection credit.

关 键 词：环保信用评价 环保信用监管 内部监管 过程监管 生态环境法典 

分 类 号：D912.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学] D922.6[政治法律—法学]