个重复20羽,根据NRC肉鸡营养需要量及饲料白术提取物对白羽肉鸡生长性能、免疫机制及肠道菌群的影响  

The effects of extract of atractylodes macrocephala on growth performance,immune mechanisms,and gut microbiota of white feathered broiler chickens

作　　者：张孝清[1] 曹国弟[1] ZHANG Xiaoqing;CAO Guodi(Shuozhou Vocational Technology College,Shuozhou,Shanxi province 036002,China)

机构地区：[1]朔州职业技术学院,山西朔州036002

出　　处：《中国饲料》2025年第8期57-60,共4页China Feed

基　　金：山西省职业教育教学改革与实践研究项目(202303063)。

摘　　要：文章旨在研究白术提取物(Extract of atractylodes macrocephala,EAM)对白羽肉鸡生长性能、免疫机制及肠道菌群的影响。试验选择健康的同批次孵育1日龄白羽肉鸡800只,随机分为4组(EAM0、EAM60、EAM120、EAM240组),每组10个重复,每个重复20羽,饲喂分为1~21 d和22~42 d两个阶段,试验日粮分别在各阶段基础日粮中添加0、60、120和240 mg/kg的白术提取物。结果表明,较EAM0组,EAM120和EAM240组42 d体重分别显著提高3.39%和3.25%(P<0.05),22~42 d平均日增重分别显著提高4.55%和4.10%(P<0.05),料肉比显著降低4.64%和3.61%(P<0.05),1~42 d平均日增重分别显著提高3.42%和3.30%(P<0.05),料肉比显著降低2.81%和2.81%(P<0.05)。EAM120和EAM240组脾脏指数显著提高(P<0.05)。EAM240组免疫球蛋白A(IgA)含量显著提高(P<0.05),EAM120和EAM240组免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量显著提高(P<0.05),EAM60、120和240组肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)和白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)显著降低。EAM120和EAM240组(P<0.05)乳酸杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌拷贝数显著升高,EAM240组大肠杆菌拷贝数显著降低(P<0.05)。结论:补充白术提取物(240 mg/kg)能改善白羽肉鸡生长性能、肠道菌群组成和机体免疫机能。To investigate the effects of extract of Atractylodes macrocephala on growth properties,immune mechanisms,and gut microbiota in white feathered broiler chickens.800 healthy white feather broiler chickens from the same batch incubated for 1 day were randomly divided into 4 groups(EAM0,EAM60,EAM120,EAM240 groups),with 10 replicates in each group.Each replicate consisted of 20 chickens,and the feeding was divided into two stages:1~21 days and 22~42 days.0,60,120,and 240 mg/kg of Atractylodes macrocephala extract were added to the basic feed at each stage as experimental feed.The results showed that,compared with the EAM0 group,the EAM120 and EAM240 groups showed significant increases in body weight by 3.39%and 3.25%(P<0.05)at 42 days,and significant increases in average daily weight gain by 4.55%and 4.10%(P<0.05)at 22-22 days.The feed to gain ratio decreased significantly by 4.64%and 3.61%(P<0.05),while the average daily weight gain increased significantly by 3.42%and 3.30%(P<0.05)at 1-42 days,and the feed to gain ratio decreased significantly by 2.81%and 2.81%(P<0.05).The spleen index of EAM120 and EAM240 groups significantly increased(P<0.05).The IgA content in the EAM240 group significantly increased(P<0.05),while the IgG content in the EAM120 and EAM240 groups significantly increased(P<0.05).The TNF-αand IL-1βlevels in the EAM60,120,and 240 groups significantly decreased.The copy numbers of Lactobacillus and Bacillus licheniformis increased in the EAM120 and EAM240 groups(P<0.05),while the copy number of Escherichia coli decreased significantly in the EAM240 group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Supplementing with Atractylodes macrocephala extract(240 mg/kg)can improve growth properties,gut microbiota composition,and immune function in white feathered broiler chickens.

关 键 词：白羽肉鸡 白术提取物 生长性能 免疫机制 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]