基于综合科学调查的中西太平洋菲律宾以东公海渔业资源初步分析  

Preliminary analysis of fishery resources in the high seas east of the Philippines in the Western and Central Pacific based on comprehensive scientific surveys

作　　者：淡雅婷 刘必林[1,2,3,4] 叶旭昌 刘志良[5] DAN Yating;LIU Bilin;YE Xuchang;LIU Zhiliang(College of Marine Living Resource Sciences and Management,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Eaploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Oceanic Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Ocean University Ship Management Centre,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋生物资源与管理学院,上海201306 [2]国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [3]大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [4]农业农村部大洋渔业可持续利用重点实验室,上海201306 [5]上海海洋大学船舶管理中心,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2025年第2期188-201,共14页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：农业农村部全球渔业资源调查监测评估专项(公海渔业资源综合科学调查D-8025-23-1002);上海市高校特聘教授“东方学者”岗位跟踪计划项目(GZ2022011)。

摘　　要：为了解中西太平洋海域渔业资源和生态环境状况,基于2021—2023年上海海洋大学远洋渔业资源调查船“淞航号”开展的远洋渔业资源综合科学调查,对中西太平洋菲律宾以东公海延绳钓渔获物、鱼卵仔稚鱼和浮游动植物等资源的数量、丰度、种类等进行初步分析。结果显示:共成功完成257个站点的资源调查,其中使用延绳钓的资源调查累计渔获量5178.13 kg、364尾,渔获物21种,主要经济种类为蓝枪鱼(Makaira mazara)、长鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus alalunga)、大眼金枪鱼(T.obesus)、黄鳍金枪鱼(T.albacares)和鲣(Katsuwonus pelamis)。鱼卵和仔稚鱼资源调查发现,在纬度较高海域鱼卵和仔稚鱼丰度较高,其中丰度最高的调查站点分别为97枚·1000 m^(-3)和3359尾·1000 m^(-3)。浮游植物调查发现,其总丰度随着纬度的升高而升高,靠近西北侧的调查海域中浮游植物丰度高于东南侧的调查海域。受极端气候影响,2023年混合层溶解氧饱和度低于其他年份,而海表温度、盐度和最大叶绿素a浓度高于其他年份。研究结果可为西太平洋海洋渔业资源的可持续开发和利用以及科学管理措施的制定提供参考。Based on comprehensive scientific surveys conducted by the research vessel“Songhang”of Shanghai Ocean University from 2021 to 2023,this paper presented an in-depth preliminary analysis of the quantity,abundance,and species composition of longline fishing catches,fish eggs,and larvae,as well as plankton in the high seas east of the Philippines in the Western and Central Pacific.Altogether 257 survey stations were analyzed over the three years.The longline fishing resource survey yielded a total catch weight of 5178.13 kg,comprising 364 individuals from 21 species.The primary economic species included Makaira mazara,Thunnus alalunga,T.obesus,T.albacares,Katsuwonus pelamis.The results also revealed spatial variations in the abundance of fish eggs and larvae.A higher abundance of these early life stages was observed in the higher latitude areas,with the peak abundance recorded at 97 ind·1000 m^(-3)for fish eggs and 3359 ind·1000 m^(-3)for larvae,indicating that the northern regions of the survey area served as crucial spawning and nursery grounds.The abundance of phytoplankton showed a marked increase with latitude.Higher concentrations were noted in the northwest survey areas compared to the southeast,suggesting a gradient influenced by oceanographic conditions.Environmental parameters measured during the surveys indicated significant variations due to extreme climatic conditions in 2023.Notably,the mixed layer dissolved oxygen saturation was lower in 2023 than that of the preceding years.But sea surface temperature,salinity,and the maximum chlorophyll-a concentration were higher,possibly reflecting changes in oceanic circulation patterns and nutrient availability.The findings can provide valuable scientific references for the sustainable development,utilization,and management of marine fisheries resources in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean.

关 键 词：延绳钓 鱼卵仔稚鱼 浮游动植物 渔业资源 水文环境 独立于渔业的调查 中西太平洋 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源]