基于多频鱼探仪的黑潮延伸体锋面区域声散射层分布模式及其指示意义研究  

Acoustic scattering layer distribution model in the Kuroshio extension front region based on multi-frequency echosounder

作　　者：王海玲 李建超 聂凌云 陈朝晖[2] 张洪海[3] 田永军[1] WANG Hailing;LI Jianchao;NIE Lingyun;CHEN Zhaohui;ZHANG Honghai;TIAN Yongjun(Research Centre for Deep Sea and Polar Fisheries,College of Fisheries,Ocean University of China,Qingdao Shandong 266000;Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography,Ocean University of China,Qingdao Shandong 266000;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao Shandong266000)

机构地区：[1]深远海与极地渔业研究中心,中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266000 [2]中国海洋大学物理海洋教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266000 [3]中国海洋大学化学化工学院,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2025年第2期292-309,共18页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题——大洋渔业高品质智能捕捞与服务系统应用示范(2023YFD2401305);国家自然科学基金(42225601、42176006、4237610);中央高校基本科研业务费(202464014、202372001);泰山学者项目(tsqn202211052);崂山实验室科技创新项目(LSKJ202201701)。

摘　　要：黑潮延伸体锋面(Kuroshio extension front,KEF)海流环境复杂,初级生产力水平较高,是重要的海洋生态研究区域。为分析KEF与海洋生物、碎屑颗粒的生物物理相互作用,结合遥感数据、站位调查和多频鱼探仪走航调查,分析了4次穿越KEF南北两侧多频散射层的垂向变化特征,以及其指示的生物、碎屑颗粒、水体结构特征。结果显示,KEF附近的声散射层主要存在3层结构,分别是上层(0~200 m)、中层(300~500 m)、深层(400~800 m)。其中,中层散射层在锋面处呈现出明显的断层特征,南侧的散射层强度显著高于北侧,分布深度相对较深,表明锋面两侧的生物和碎屑颗粒分布与组成存在明显区别。38 kHz声散射层斜率比18 kHz更大,表明KEF对中层生物与碎屑颗粒的影响存在不同。同时,研究构建并验证了利用典型声散射层深度与海水密度的显著回归关系。声学调查技术在高效、高精度地反映海洋生态系统复杂过程方面具有重要应用前景,可为海洋生态环境研究提供新的视角。The ocean environment in the Kuroshio extension front(KEF)region is complex and has high primary productivity,making it of great significance in marine ecosystem research.To explore the characteristics of the vertical structure of KEF,this study combined remote sensing data,station surveys,and echosounder surveys to analyze the KEF features revealed by high-resolution multi-frequency acoustic data during four crossings of KEF.The scattering layers exhibited a clear three-layer structure,which includes the upper layer(0-200 m),middle layer(300-500 m),and deep layer(400-800 m).At KEF,the scattering layer intensity decreased significantly,and there were significant differences in the intensity and structure of the scattering layers on both sides of the front.Specifically,the scattering layer intensity in the middle layer south of the Kuroshio was much higher than that of the north,and the distribution depth on the north side was relatively shallow.The scattering layers at 18 kHz and 38 kHz exhibited clear differences in intensity and depth distribution,suggesting different composition of scattering layers on both sides of the front.As a biogeographical boundary,KEF significantly influenced the composition and distribution of organisms and particles on both sides.The distribution of the scattering layers were significantly affected by oceanic processes and environmental factors.During the four crossings of the front,the fault positions of the scattering layers shifted slightly northward over time,with noticeable differences between frequency bands.The slope of the scattering layer fault was extracted,revealing that the slope at 38 kHz was significantly higher than that at 18 kHz.This reflected the ecological differences on either side of the Kuroshio and the profound impacts of KEF on marine ecosystems.To further explore the relationship between the scattering layer and environmental factors,the depth and corresponding density values of the middle layer scattering were extracted.Based on data from the P profile,a reg

关 键 词：声散射层 黑潮延伸体锋面 中层鱼 碎屑颗粒 多频分析 

分 类 号：P732[天文地球—海洋科学] S932[农业科学—渔业资源]