嗅觉障碍小鼠和大鼠模型的研究进展  

Research progress of animal models of olfactory disorders

作　　者：李志成 闫亚 戴梁平 应俊杰 王仁忠[2] LI Zhicheng;YAN Ya;DAI Liangping;YING Junjie;WANG Renzhong(First Clinical Medical College,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250011,Shandong,China;Department of Otolaryngology,Shandong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250011,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]山东中医药大学第一临床医学院,山东济南250011 [2]山东省中医院耳鼻喉科,山东济南250011

出　　处：《山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报》2025年第2期158-167,共10页Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81974580)。

摘　　要：嗅觉障碍病因复杂、病程绵长。动物模型对于深入研究嗅觉障碍的病理生理反应、治疗反应机制及药物的开发至关重要。但目前尚缺少对嗅觉障碍造模方法系统全面概括的综述。本文综述目前常用的小鼠和大鼠模型,根据病因将嗅觉障碍动物模型分为与接触毒素/药物相关嗅觉障碍模型、继发于鼻腔鼻窦疾病的嗅觉障碍模型、感染后嗅觉障碍模型、先天性嗅觉障碍与正常老化相关嗅觉障碍模型、外伤后嗅觉障碍模型、神经系统相关性嗅觉障碍模型。本文总结这些模型构建方法和病理变化,以期为嗅觉障碍动物模型的选择提供参考。Olfactory disorders have a complex aetiology and a prolonged course.Animal models are essential for the further study of the pathophysiology of olfactory disorders,the mechanism of therapeutic response and drug development.However,a systematic and comprehensive review of olfactory modelling methods is lacking.Currently,the most commonly used animal models include mouse and rat models.This review will start with the aetiology.The animal model of olfactory dysfunction was divided into the model of olfactory dysfunction associated with exposure to toxins/drugs,the model of olfactory dysfunction secondary to nasal and sinus diseases,the model of olfactory dysfunction after infection,the model of olfactory dysfunction associated with congenital olfactory dysfunction and normal ageing,the model of olfactory dysfunction after trauma,and the model of olfactory dysfunction associated with the nervous system.This paper summarises the construction methods and pathological changes of these models to provide a reference for the selection of modelling methods for animal models of olfactory dysfunction.

关 键 词：嗅觉障碍 动物模型 造模方法 文献综述 病因分类 

分 类 号：R765.6[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]