水产养殖废水光催化处理技术研究进展  

Research Progress on Photocatalytic Treatment Technologies for Aquaculture Wastewater

作　　者：卢求钧 尹国兴 黄山 杜甫佑 LU Qiujun;YIN Guoxing;HUANG Shan;DU Fuyou(College of Biology and Chemical Engineering,Changsha University,Changsha Hunan 410022,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙学院生物与化学工程学院,湖南长沙410022

出　　处：《长沙大学学报》2025年第2期58-67,共10页Journal of Changsha University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目“基于适配体和非酶信号放大的嗜水气单胞菌快速检测技术研究”(32303040)。

摘　　要：随着全球人口增长与膳食结构转型,水产养殖业作为优质蛋白供给的关键产业之一,正迎来前所未有的发展机遇。然而,集约化养殖模式在提高产量的同时,也带来了不可忽视的环境问题。大量含有高浓度氨氮、抗生素、有机污染物及病原微生物的废水被排放到自然水体中,引发了多重环境风险,严重威胁水生生态系统平衡和人类健康。基于高级氧化工艺的光催化技术凭借强氧化性、低能耗和绿色可持续的特性,为水产养殖废水治理提供了创新性的解决方案。研究人员从光催化的原理、材料等方面的研究进展情况入手,重点介绍了光催化技术在氮化合物去除、抗生素降解、病原微生物杀灭等方面的最新进展,并讨论了降解方案、实验因素以及所用的光催化剂,提出了当前研究中亟待解决的科学问题,旨在为实现绿色可持续的水产养殖提供理论依据和技术路线参考。With the growth of global population and the transformation of dietary structure,aquaculture has emerged as a pivotal industry for supplying high-quality protein,presenting unprecedented developmental opportunities.However,while intensive farming practices enhance productivity,they also lead to severe environmental challenges.Large volumes of wastewater containing high concentrations of ammonia nitrogen,antibiotics,organic residues,and pathogenic microorganisms are discharged into natural water bodies,triggering multifaceted environmental risks that pose serious threats to aquatic ecosystems and human health.Photocatalytic technology,based on advanced oxidation processes,offers an innovative solution for aquaculture wastewater treatment due to its strong oxidative capacity,low energy consumption,and environmental friendliness and sustainability.This review aims to provide an overview of photocatalysis and highlight its recent advancements in the degradation of recalcitrant pollutants in aquaculture wastewater.The degradation schemes,experimental factors,and the photocatalysts used are discussed.Additionally,the critical challenges in current research are proposed.This review proposes theoretical foundations and technical pathways to advance sustainable and green aquaculture practices.

关 键 词：光催化技术 水产养殖废水 废水处理 光催化降解 

分 类 号：X714[环境科学与工程—环境工程]