新质生产力视域下限制竞争专利联营的反垄断法规制  

Restricting Competitive Patent Pool under the New Quality Productivity Perspective Antitrust Law Regulation

作　　者：丁庭威 DING Ting-wei(Law School,Peking University,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院,北京100091

出　　处：《河北法学》2025年第7期162-179,共18页Hebei Law Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“跨领域知识驱动的法治调研智能感知及辅助决策技术研究”(2022YFC3301900)的研究成果。

摘　　要：专利联营是企业提升竞争能力并发展壮大的重要运营模式。但在企业经营专利联营的过程中,无限制的专利联营会产生排除限制竞争的垄断后果,此类限制竞争的专利联营将阻碍专利联营的高质量转化并影响新质生产力的高质量发展,应适时由反垄断法予以规制。反垄断法基于“制度保护”的理念规制限制竞争专利联营时与新质生产力的发展要求在竞争、创新与利益三个层面不谋而合,为规制奠定了理论基础。与此同时,域外实践的借鉴亦可为规制提供比较法经验。然而,反垄断法在规制限制竞争的专利联营时亦面临着诸多层面的挑战,专利性质不清、审查要素不明、企业规模不同以及适用原则差异皆在竞争、创新、利益以及原则方面挑战着反垄断法规制的科学性与有效性,亦影响着专利技术向新质生产力的高质量转化。为此,有必要在辨识专利性质、明晰审查要素、界定企业规模以及革新适用原则层面寻找出路,以进一步提升反垄断法规制的合理性与有效性,最终实现以高质量专利联营促进新质生产力的高水平发展。Patent pool is an important operation mode for enterprises to enhance their competitiveness and grow.However,in the process of patent pool,unrestricted patent pool will produce monopoly consequences that exclude and restrict competition,which will hinder the high-quality transformation of patent pooling and impede the high-quality development of new quality productivity,and should be regulated by antitrust law in due time.Based on the concept of“institutional protection”,the antitrust law regulates and restricts competition patent pool and the development requirements of new quality productivity coincide in the three levels of competition,innovation and interest,which lays a theoretical foundation for regulation.At the same time,the reference of foreign practice can also provide comparative law experience for regulation.However,the antitrust law also faces challenges at many levels when regulating patent pool that restricts competition.Unclear patent nature,unclear examination elements,different enterprise sizes and differences in applicable principles all challenge the scientificity and effectiveness of antitrust regulation in terms of competition,innovation,interests and principles,and also affect the high-quality transformation of patented technology into new quality productivity.Therefore,it is necessary to find a way out at the level of identifying the nature of patents,clarifying the elements of examination,defining the scale of enterprises and innovating the applicable principles,so as to further enhance the rationality and effectiveness of antitrust law regulations,and finally realize the high-level development of new quality productivity through high-quality patent pool.

关 键 词：专利联营 限制竞争 反垄断法 制度保护 新质生产力 

分 类 号：DF414[政治法律—经济法学]