“三权分置”视角下公共数据授权运营的理据与路径  

Rationale and Path of Authorized Operation of Public Data from the Perspective of“Separation of Three Rights”

作　　者：李可钰 LI Keyu(School of Intellectual Property,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学知识产权学院,南京210094

出　　处：《江苏工程职业技术学院学报》2025年第1期104-112,共9页Journal of Jiangsu College of Engineering and Technology

摘　　要：公共数据授权运营作为数字经济增长的强大助推剂,已在各地有了多样化的实践探索。成都和海南两地的探索模式反映了公共数据授权运营在量度、分配以及监管方面的困境。数据资源持有权、数据加工使用权、数据产品经营权的结构性分置(以下简称“三权分置”)突破了数据要素产权的单维配置现状,激活了数据要素收益的再分配调节机制,对各阶段参与主体合法权利的充分保障为公共数据授权运营提供了全新的方向指引。“三权分置”视角下,可以通过聚焦公共数据持有主体与其他参与主体之间的关系进行类型化设计,以明确公共数据的统一授权范围;在收益分配机制方面,应以各参与主体的投入贡献程度作为收益分配标准,明确收益分配账单,多部门之间实现信息联动;在公共数据授权运营监管方面,应当明确数据管理部门的核心地位,同时形成多主体协同监管的局面。As a powerful enabler for the growth of the digital economy,the authorized operation of public data has been explored in various local practices.The exploration models in Chengdu and Hainan reflect the problems of such operations in terms of measurement,distribution,and supervision.The structural separation of the right to hold data resources,the right to use data processing,and the right to operate data products(hereinafter referred to as the“separation of three rights”)breaks through the uni-dimensional configuration of the property rights of data elements,activates the adjustment mechanism of data revenue redistribution,and provides a new direction for the authorized operation by fully safeguarding the legitimate rights of the main parties involved in each stage.From the perspective of“separation of three rights”,we need to conduct a typological design by focusing on the relationship between data-holding subjects and other participating subjects so as to define the unified scope of authorization;in terms of the revenue distribution mechanism,we need to clarify revenue distribution bill based on the input and contribution of each participating subject,realizing the information linkage among multiple departments;in terms of the supervision of the authorized operation,we need to highlight the core position of data management department and create an environment of coordinated supervision by multiple subjects.

关 键 词：公共数据 授权运营 “三权分置” 运营依据 运营路径 

分 类 号：D912.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]