美国军工重大试验设施建设管理的经验与启示  

Experiences and Insights on Construction Management of Major Test Facilities of the U.S.Military Industry

作　　者：周晨 张景瑞 薛柏琼 ZHOU Chen;ZHANG Jingrui;XUE Boqiong(China Institute of Marine Technology&Economy,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]中国船舶集团有限公司综合技术经济研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《全球科技经济瞭望》2025年第2期31-36,共6页Global Science,Technology and Economy Outlook

基　　金：国家国防科技工业局技术基础科研计划项目“国外国防科技创新网络建设及内在机制研究”(JSQB2023206C003)。

摘　　要：军工重大试验设施是在保障新一代武器装备研制和重大基础前沿技术验证中具有战略性、全局性和基础性的重大关键设施。近年来,美国高度重视军工重大试验设施建设与管理,构建了完善的重大试验设施建设管理组织架构,通过直接投资与间接投资相结合、建立三元分类管理模式、实施综合考核评价等举措,加强设施统筹规划和管理,在组织机构、投资计划、转型升级和开放协同等方面形成有益经验。研究表明,中国需要充分借鉴美国军工重大试验设施投资建设和管理经验,从顶层规划、体系布局、建设投资、运行管理等方面入手,着力解决军工重大试验设施建设“多、单、散、弱”等问题,加快支撑军工核心能力建设快速向自主创新和体系化发展转变。The military-industrial major test facilities are strategic,global and fundamental key facilities for safeguarding the development of new-generation weapons and equipment and the verification of major basic cutting-edge technologies.In recent years,the United States attaches great importance to the construction and management of military-industrial major test facilities,has constructed a perfect organizational structure for the construction and management of major test facilities,and has strengthened the integrated planning and management of facilities through the combination of direct and indirect investment,the establishment of a three-type classified management model,the implementation of comprehensive assessment and evaluation,and other initiatives,and has formed useful experience in the areas of organization,investment plans,transformation and upgrading,and openness and synergism.The study shows that China needs to fully learn from the investment,construction and management experience of the U.S.military-industrial major test facilities,and start from the top-level planning,system layout,construction investment,operation and management,etc.,and make efforts to solve the problems of“many,single,scattered and weak”in the construction of China’s military-industrial major test facilities,so as to support the military-industrial core capability construction and rapidly transform it into an independent innovation and systematized development.

关 键 词：重大试验设施 试验资源 资产管理 军工能力建设 

分 类 号：G311[文化科学] G323/327