近代华北开埠城市坤伶演剧的意义与局限  

Significance and Limitations of Kunling Performances in Treaty Port Cities of Modern North China

作　　者：刘淑丽 LIU Shuli

机构地区：[1]烟台大学文学与新闻传播学院,烟台264005

出　　处：《浙江艺术职业学院学报》2025年第1期2-10,共9页Journal of Zhejiang Vocational Academy of Art

基　　金：国家社科基金艺术学项目“近代华北开埠城市演剧研究”阶段性成果(项目编号:19BB014)。

摘　　要：近代华北开埠城市中坤伶演剧是具有重要戏剧史、社会史意义的事件,既改变了剧场中演员的性别构成,使坤伶演剧常态化,还推动了剧种、行当的发展;同时又是近代平权运动的明证,坤伶们洁身自爱并踊跃爱国,是近代中国人走向现代化的一个重要环节。坤伶演剧最大的局限性是舞台生命短暂,往往因婚姻、疾病、毒品、战争、年长等息演。此外坤伶在为人、表演上尚有不当之处,因人们对坤伶抱有偏见,坤伶演剧在师资、剧本方面显得薄弱。虽然近代坤伶并没有实现真正平权,但却着实推动了戏剧史的发展,这也是通向男女两性真正平权的必由之路。The advent of Kunling,or female actors,in the theatrical performances of treaty port cities in modern North China,represents a pivotal moment in both theatrical and social history.This development not only altered the gender dynamics on stage by normalizing female involvement in theater but also catalyzed the evolution of theatrical genres and character types.Moreover,it provided concrete evidence of the burgeoning modern egalitarian movement.Kunling epitomized notions of self-respect and patriotic zeal,signifying a crucial phase in China’s modernization process.However,the careers of these actresses often faltered due to societal limitations such as marriage,health is⁃sues,substance abuse,war,and age.Prejudices against Kunling also resulted in obstacles in professional training and script quality,with critics charging them with moral turpitude or inadequate commitment to their craft.Although genuine gender equality remained elusive,the contributions of Kunling unquestionably advanced the trajectory of Chi⁃nese theater and established a foundation for future endeavors toward gender equality.

关 键 词：华北 开埠 坤伶 演剧 

分 类 号：J803[艺术—戏剧戏曲]