科技右翼与美国科技安全战略转型  

The Tech Right and the Transformation of U.S.Technology Security Strategy

作　　者：蔡翠红[1] 李煜华 CAI Cuihong;LI Yuhua(Center for American Studies,Fudan University,Shanghai,200433;School of International Studies and Public Affairs,Fudan University,Shanghai,200433)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学美国研究中心,上海200433 [2]复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院博士研究生,上海200433

出　　处：《国际安全研究》2025年第3期3-34,154,共33页Journal of International Security Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“总体国家安全观视域下的数字主权研究”(项目编号:23AZZ002)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：随着特朗普再一次入主白宫,其背后一批被冠名“科技右翼”、由非传统硅谷科技精英和风险投资家等组成的群体引发诸多关注。这一群体的意识形态特征对美国科技安全战略转型具有重大影响,它以科技金融资本集团为核心,以自由意志主义为思想底色,主张资本导向的市场自由、技术加速主义以及精英治理,试图通过弱化监管、强化技术垄断与政治介入,重构美国科技政策框架。科技右翼的兴起,既有来自全球化周期下行以及地缘政治复兴的结构性基础,又与美国两党政治的政治生态变迁有着直接关系。随着从幕后走向台前,科技右翼群体已经通过资本渗透、政策游说与舆论操控等手段,深度嵌入美国政治权力体系,并着手从重塑安全理念、革新安全体制和建设安全能力等方面全方位推动美国科技安全战略转型。这一转型本质是科技金融资本利益与国家安全叙事的耦合,其技术垄断导向和美国优先立场可能对国际科技竞争和全球数字治理等产生重大影响,但是这一进程也面临着内部矛盾、盟友离心和技术反噬等挑战。研究揭示了美国科技政策背后的资本逻辑与政治重组互动机制,为理解技术权力与地缘竞争的关系提供新视角。The return of Donald Trump to the White House in 2025 has cast renewed spotlight on the tech right,a rising force within American politics that is loosely defined as a coalition of nontraditional Silicon Valley elites,venture capitalists,and technocratic entrepreneurs.This article investigates the ideological profile of this coalition and its growing influence on the transformation of U.S.technology security strategy.Rooted in techno-financial capital and guided by libertarianism,the tech right promotes market-driven innovation,accelerationist visions of technological progress,and elite-centric governance approaches.By advocating deregulation,reinforcing technological monopoly power,and increasing political engagement,the tech right seeks to redefine the institutional contour of U.S.technology security strategy.The rise of the tech right is enabled not only by the political shifts in the U.S.but also by the global structural forces,including the decline of globalization and the return of geopolitical rivalry.With this coalition moving from the background to forefront,it has increasingly penetrated the U.S.political system through capital infiltration,policy lobbying,and media manipulation in its efforts to drive a multidimensional transformation of the U.S.technology security strategy:reconceptualizing its security logic,redesigning its institutional framework,and reshaping its national capacities.At its core,this strategic shift represents a convergence between techno-financial interests and national security imperatives.While the tech right’s focus on technological monopoly and America-first stance may reshape the global technology competition and digital governance,this trajectory also faces challenges such as domestic tensions,fraying alliances,and possible technological backlashes.This article reveals the capital-state interplay underlying U.S.technology security strategy and offers a novel lens for examining how emerging techno-political forces are reconfiguring the global order.

关 键 词：科技右翼 科技安全战略 科技金融资本 自由意志主义 

分 类 号：D815.5[政治法律—国际关系] D822.371.2[政治法律—政治学]