国家安全的人格基础:一项理论性分析  

The Personality Basis of National Security:A Theoretical Analysis

作　　者：尹继武[1] 刘颖哲 YIN Jiwu;LIU Yingzhe(School of International Studies,Renmin University of China,Beijing,China,100872)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国际关系学院,北京100872

出　　处：《国际安全研究》2025年第3期86-106,156,157,共23页Journal of International Security Studies

摘　　要：主流国家安全研究重视宏观主体和物质性要素,基于有限理性假设的政治心理学则为国家安全理论提供微观基础。国家安全的人格理论聚焦于人格特质对于安全诸环节的政治影响,包括个体人格特质与群体信念聚合。人格要素经由多种机制影响国家安全体系中的安全信念、安全偏好、安全决策和安全行为。国家安全信念源于领导人和国内群体的人格特质,二者构成了安全思维和国家安全文化的基础。国家安全偏好经由多主体的人格特质及相关需求所塑造,对外呈现为基本价值取向和安全手段偏好。国家安全决策的过程受人格因素的调节作用,领导人的自我防御机制和日常领导风格塑造决策的方式和路径选择,而决策团体和民众的人格聚合则影响决策的执行与落实。国家安全行为体现了“人格-情境”互动的行为效应机制,包括人格特质的情境交互效应和战略效应。系统梳理国家安全体系的人格基础,有助于为国家安全的学理奠定行为心理的逻辑,为践行总体国家安全观和理解各国安全战略与政策提供知识基础和政策启发。Mainstream research on national security emphasizes macro-level actors and material factors,while political psychology based on the assumption of bounded rationality complements national security theories with micro-level factors.Personality serves as the foundation for various psychological attributes,including cognitive abilities and emotional states.The personality theory of national security emphasizes the political influence of personality traits on national security,which encompasses functioning of both individual personality traits and group personality aggregation.Personality factors influence security beliefs,security preferences,security decision-making,and security behavior through multiple mechanisms.National security beliefs are deeply embedded in the personality traits of leaders and domestic groups,serving as the basis of security thinking and national security culture.National security preferences are shaped by the personality traits and associated needs of multiple actors,influencing fundamental value orientations and preferences for security measures.Personality factors also regulate national security decision-making,as the ego-defense mechanisms of leaders and their leadership styles shape decision-making processes,while group personality aggregation affects the advancement and implementation of decisions.National security behavior reflects behavioral effect mechanisms of“personality-situation”interaction,including the situational interaction and strategic effects of personality traits.A systematic examination of the personality foundation of national security advances the development of China’s national security studies,while offering theoretical and policy insights for understanding global security strategies and implementing a holistic approach to national security.

关 键 词：国家安全 人格特质 领导人 群体心理 安全信念 安全决策 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系] C912.64[政治法律—政治学]