拉萨市中心城区生态服务价值与人类活动时空耦合分析  

Spatio-temporal Coupling of Ecological Service Value and Human Activity Intensity in the Central Urban Area of Lhasa City

作　　者：张家睿 米玛旺堆[2] 程励 钱丽源 ZHANG Jiarui;MIGMAR Wangdwei;CHENG Li;QIAN Liyuan(the School of Architecture,Southwest Jiaotong University;the School of Ecology and Environment,Tibet University;the School of Tourism,Sichuan University)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学建筑学院 [2]西藏大学生态环境学院 [3]四川大学旅游学院

出　　处：《风景园林》2025年第5期86-95,共10页Landscape Architecture

摘　　要：【目的】高海拔城市生态系统对人为干扰具有特殊敏感性,其生态服务价值(ecosystem service value,ESV)与人类活动强度(human activity intensity,HAI)的耦合规律尚未明晰。揭示拉萨市中心城区ESV与HAI的时空交互特征,阐明快速城市化进程中ESV的响应阈值,可为高海拔城市生态安全格局优化提供定量依据。【方法】基于2007—2022年土地利用遥感影像数据,在0.5 km×0.5 km格网尺度下运用生态系统服务价值评估模型、生态服务价值流向损益模型、人类活动强度指数评估模型和双变量局部空间自相关分析法,探讨拉萨市中心城区ESV的时空变化特征及其与HAI的关联性。【结果】1)2007—2022年拉萨市耕地和绿地小幅减少,城市建设用地大幅增加,土地类型转换以由耕地和草地转为城市建设用地为主;2)2007—2022年拉萨市中心城区ESV呈下降趋势,共减少4628万元,在空间分布上,植被覆盖是影响区域空间分异的关键因素,拉萨河流域和拉鲁湿地附近ESV最高,向中心城区方向逐渐减弱;3)人类活动强度高影响区集中在拉萨市老城区,并向外扩展形成东、西翼延伸态势;低影响区域则位于中心城区南部;4)ESV与HAI的空间关联性呈现衰减趋势,全局莫兰指数从2007年的0.249197下降至2022年的0.083119,局部聚类类型以低ESV-高HAI和高ESV-高HAI聚集为主。【结论】揭示高海拔城市存在人类活动强度阈值,可通过生态修复手段逆转局部生态系统退化,但城市扩张会加剧生态冲突。建议划定生态红线并实施差异化管控,支撑高海拔城市可持续发展。[Objective]This research investigates the spatio-temporal dynamics of ecosystem services(ES)in Lhasa,a high-altitude city on the Tibetan Plateau,where fragile ecosystems face escalating pressures from urbanization.Ecosystem services,defined as benefits provided by natural ecosystems to sustain human well-being and ecological balance,are critical for biodiversity conservation and socio-economic development.While ES valuation(ESV)has been widely studied in low-altitude regions,research on high-altitude ecosystems remains limited despite their heightened vulnerability due to unique geographic and climatic conditions.The research aims to:1)quantify urbanization impacts on ESV from 2007 to 2022;2)evaluate the effectiveness of ecological restoration initiatives such as the Lhasa River Comprehensive Governance Project;3)identify spatial thresholds in the ESV-human activity intensity(HAI)relationship to inform sustainable urban planning.[Methods]A high-resolution spatial analysis framework(0.5 km×0.5 km grid)is applied to assess ESV and HAI dynamics over 15 years(2007–2022).ESV is calculated using a dynamic model based on the improved equivalence factor method developed by Xie Gaodi and colleagues in 2015,integrating net primary productivity(NPP),precipitation,land cover,vegetation type,and environmental productivity.HAI is quantified through a composite index reflecting land-use change,population density,transportation infrastructure,and industrial development,with weights assigned based on ecological impacts.Spatial autocorrelation(Moran’s I)and local cluster analysis are employed to identify interactions between ESV and HAI,accounting for the Tibetan Plateau’s topography.[Results]The results of the research highlight significant spatio-temporal variations in ESV and human activity intensity in Lhasa.From 2007 to 2022,the total ESV decreased by 24.3%,amounting to a loss of 462.8 million CNY,with a brief recovery observed between 2012 and 2017.This recovery is largely driven by the Lhasa River Comprehensive Gover

关 键 词：生态系统服务评估 人类活动强度 空间关联分析 拉萨市中心城区 高海拔城市生态 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] TU984.115