慢性阻塞性肺疾病的气道上皮细胞衰老机制研究进展  

Research progress of airway epithelial cell senescence mechanism in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

作　　者：栗兆靓 王略力 仪倩 马若秋 郭蓉 徐长莉 杜晓华[2] 杨为民 LI Zhao-liang;WANG Lue-li;YI Qian;MA Ruo-qiu;GUO Rong;XU Chang-li;DU Xiao-hua;YANG Wei-min(School of Pharmaceutical Science&Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products,Kunming Medical University,Kunming 650500,China;the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Kunming 650032,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学药学院暨云南省天然药物药理重点实验室,云南昆明650500 [2]昆明医科大学第一附属医院,云南昆明650032

出　　处：《中国药理学通报》2025年第5期805-810,共6页Chinese Pharmacological Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No 81870037,82160013,82160007);云南省科技厅重点项目(No 202105AF150015,202102AA310030,202302AA310026)。

摘　　要：气道上皮细胞(airway epithelial cells,AECs)是分隔呼吸系统内外环境之间的物理屏障,作为呼吸系统的第一道防线对肺部的天然免疫功能至关重要。小气道病变是慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)的重要早期病理,当AECs长期暴露于有害颗粒或气体后,上皮屏障受损,参与分化、修复和促炎反应的信号通路异常,导致上皮细胞周期停滞从而加速衰老。研究发现,COPD患者的AECs表达高水平的衰老标志物,提示AECs衰老与COPD密切相关。该文讨论了COPD中AECs衰老的潜在机制,AECs衰老对疾病发展和严重程度的影响,并强调了调节AECs衰老作为COPD治疗方法的潜在靶点。As the first defense of respiratory system,airway epithelial cells(AECs)play an important role in separating the respiratory internal and external environment.They are essential for the natural immune function.Small airway lesions are an important early pathology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),when AECs are exposed to harmful particles or gases for a long time,the epithelial barrier is damaged,and the signaling pathways which involved in differentiation,repair,and inflammatory are disordered,resulting in epithelial cell cycle stagnation and accelerated aging.A number of studies have suggested that AECs of COPD patients express high levels of aging markers,suggesting that senescence of AECs is closely related to COPD.This review discusses the potential mechanisms of AECs senescence in COPD,the impact of AECs senescence on the development and severity of the disease,and highlights potential targets for modulating cellular senescence in airway epithelium as a therapeutic approach in COPD.

关 键 词：慢性阻塞性肺疾病 气道上皮细胞 衰老 DNA损伤 表观遗传修饰 慢性炎症 氧化应激 线粒体自噬 衰老细胞治疗 

分 类 号：R322.33[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学] R329.24[医药卫生—基础医学] R339.38R342.3R563R563.9