城市设计的“开放框架”模型及其实践--基于两种结构范式的比较研究  

THE OPEN FRAMEWORK MODEL OF URBAN DESIGN AND ITS PRACTICE:A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TWO STRUCTURE PARADIGMS

作　　者：杨超 YANG Chao

机构地区：[1]北京清华同衡规划设计研究院有限公司

出　　处：《城市规划》2025年第4期74-85,共12页City Planning Review

摘　　要：他组织与自组织是规划设计学科的经久命题,城市设计领域中的相关研究,尤其是基于二者辩证统一关系的方法论研究,目前仍较为稀缺。在创新驱动城市发展的时代背景下,自组织结构的重要性与必要性凸显,值得深入探讨。本文通过对结构化原理、空间发展模式、适用性及问题优势的系统剖析和比较,提出复杂系统视野下以自发性秩序构建为核心的规划设计观,进而初步建立起能融合两种范式的“开放框架”思维模型,包括其内涵本质、内容构成和基本特征,作为一种城市设计的底层逻辑。最后结合若干设计实践,进一步阐述该模型在不同尺度和类型中的方法应用,以期为既有设计范式提供一种知识拓展和修正的可能性。Other-organization and self-organization have long been a central proposition in the discipline of planning and design.Research in urban design,particularly methodological studies based on the dialectical unity of these two concepts,remains relatively scarce.In the context of innovation-driven urban development,the importance and necessity of self-organization structures are increasingly prominent,warranting deeper exploration.Through systematic analysis and comparison of structural principles,spatial development models,applicability,and respective strengths and weaknesses,this paper proposes a planning and design concept centered on spontaneous order construction within the complex systems.Then it establishes a preliminary“open framework”thinking model that can integrate the two paradigms,including its essential nature,content composition,and basic characteristics,serving as an underlying logic of urban design.Finally,based on several design practices,it further illustrates the application of this model across different scales and types,in order to provide a possibility for expanding and refining existing design paradigms.

关 键 词：城市设计 他组织 自组织 开放框架 设施与算法 底层思维模型 

分 类 号：TU981[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]