转抗虫基因棉花和玉米花粉对家蚕生长发育影响的评价  

Evaluation of Impact of Pollen Grains of Bt, Bt/CPTI Transgenic Cotton and Bt Corn on the Growth and Development of the Mulberry Silkworm, Bombyx mori Linnaeus (Lepidoptera: Bombyxidae)

作　　者：李文东[1] 叶恭银[2] 吴孔明[1] 王小奇[3] 郭予元[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100094 [2]浙江大学应用昆虫学研究所,杭州310029 [3]沈阳农业大学植物保护学院,沈阳110161

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2002年第12期1543-1549,共7页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家 8 63计划 (2 0 0 1AA2 12 2 71); 973计划 (0 0 1CB10 90 0 4)资助课题

摘　　要：苏云金杆菌 (Bacillusthuringiensis,Bt)杀虫蛋白基因和蛋白酶抑制剂基因是培育转抗虫基因植物的两大类基因。为了正确评价转抗虫基因作物花粉对非靶标重要经济昆虫的安全性 ,本试验以家蚕为对象 ,研究转cry1Ac基因棉花、转cry1A +CpTI双价抗虫棉花以及转cry1Ab基因玉米花粉对家蚕生长发育的影响。结果表明 ,与非转基因常规棉花或玉米花粉以及无花粉对照相比 ,转抗虫基因棉花或转抗虫基因玉米花粉对家蚕各龄期的死亡率、蛹重、茧重、茧层重、化蛹率、羽化率和产卵量均无多大影响 ,且无明显的剂量效应。虽然取食转抗虫基因花粉后家蚕一龄历期有所延长 ,但与非转基因的花粉处理相比 ,则无显著差异 ;同样 ,家蚕三龄眠蚕体重虽与无花粉对照相比表现出较大差异 ,但其体重均大于对照。可见 ,转抗虫基因棉花和玉米花粉对家蚕的历期和体重亦无多大影响。综上所述 ,转抗虫基因棉花和玉米花粉对家蚕的生长发育不会产生明显的负面影响。The δ endotoxin genes of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and proteinase inhibitor (PI) genes are two kinds of genes popularly used for developing transgenic plants resistant to insect pests. To clarify whether there is any risk concerning the effects of pollens from these transgenic crops on non target insects with economic importance, such as the effects on the growth and development as well as cocoon quality of the silkworm, Bombyx mori Linnaeus, a series of feeding experiments were conducted, using pollens from transgenic cotton or corn containing cry1Ac, cry1A+CpTI or cry1Ab genes, compared with pollens from non transgenic normal cotton and corn as well as the non pollen treatment. In contrast to the latter ones, pollens from transgenic plants showed no significant adverse effects on larval mortality, cocoon weight, pupa weight, cocoon shell weight, pupation rate, emergence rate and fecundity of the silkworm after neonates were fed with the pollens for 72 h. In addition, no dosage effects of pollens were founded. Though the duration of first instar larvae was prolonged in the case of feeding with transgenic pollens as compared with those of the non pollen treatment, they were not significantly different from those fed with pollens from non transgenic cotton or corn. Meanwhile, the weights of the third molters fed with transgenic pollens were obviously different from those for non pollen treatment, but they were all significantly heavier than that of the controls. Consequently, it is considered that the adverse effect of pollens from transgenic insect resistant cotton and corn on the growth and development of the silkworm in negligible.

关 键 词：转抗虫基因棉花 花粉 家蚕 生长发育 评价 转抗虫基因玉米 生态安全性 

分 类 号：S881.2[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]