小麦D^2型细胞质光敏雄性不育性的研究  

Study on photoperiod-sensitive male sterility with D^2 type cytoplasm in wheat

作　　者：于天峰 刁艳玲 车京玉 迟永琴 李长辉 王岩 邵立刚 张爱民[2] 鄂立柱[3] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农科院小麦马铃薯研究所,黑龙江克山161606 [2]中国科学院遗传研究所,北京100094 [3]中国农业大学植物科学院,北京100094

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2002年第4期324-330,共7页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金赞助

摘　　要：D2型细胞质与有些普通小麦材料的细胞核互作,可产生特异核质互作不育现象,其中有的表现为长光照敏感型雄性不育。文章研究了具有D2型细胞质的光敏不育系Ae.crassa—Norin26、核质杂种NC2134及克引11、克引12在黑龙江省克山地区自然条件下的育性表现,并以NC2134为细胞质供体,与20个小麦品种(系)杂交,获得一些核质代换系材料,对其育性及主要性状进行观察研究。结果表明:(1)在自然条件下,播种期对育性有影响,随着播种期推迟,Ae.crassa—Norin26不育度增加,1 999年4月22日播种达到全不育,Norin26则在所设播种条件下表现正常可育;(2)NC2134表现可育,这与其可能携带雄性不育的恢复基因有关,克引11、克引12在正常播种情况下表现高度不育甚至全不育;(3)不育系的不育性表现为不同程度的雄蕊心皮化;(4)不同普通小麦材料其核质杂种育性表现不同,有些材料其核质代换低世代分离出一定比例的高不育、半不育及可育株,通过进一步的核置换,可转育成相应的D2型细胞质不育系。Interaction of D2 type cytoplasm with nucleus of different varieties in common wheat can produce male sterility phenomena. Some of which show long photoperiod sensitive male stertility. The fertility performance of photoperiod sensitive male sterility wheat with D2 type cytoplasm Ae. crtassa- Norin 26. The nuclear-cytoplasm hybrids NC2134 ajid Keyinll and Keyin 12 were studied in the Keshan area of Heilongjiang Province. Using these lines as the cytoplasm donors and 20 spring wheat cultivars (lines)as nuclear donors,the crosses were made. A series of nucleo-cytoplasmic hybrid materials were obtained. The main results are as follow; (1) The male sterility of Ae. crassa- Norin 26 is not complete under more than 15 hours long light at photoperiod-sensitive stage while as sowing time put off, the sterility is tend to complete. The proper sowing time for complete male sterility male sterility is April 22th in the Kanshan area. As in normal condition, the seed set and fertility of Norin26 expressednormally. (2) The fertility of the nuclear-cytoplasm hybrid NC2134 is highly completeunder more than 15 hours long light condition. This shows that perhaps NC2134 carrys the restoring gene to photoperiod-sensitive male sterility The nuclear-cytoplasm hybrids Keyin 11 and Keyin 12 showed high or complete sterility under normal sowing time condition.(3) Morphology observation of the sterile stamen showed that sterility expressed in the form of stamen pistillody. (4) A serials of nucleo-cytoplasmic hybrids in low generation were created by crossing of Ae. crassa- Norin 26 as cytoplasm donors and 20 common wheat varietiesas nucleus donors. In these materials, high sterility, half sertility and high or complete were obtained. The results indicates that defferent nucleo-cytoplasmic hybrid expresses differentfertility under natural light in Keshan area. It is obviously that the high fertility materialscan be used directly as R-line and A-line can be get form high male sterility materials through continual backcrossing nuclear-replae

关 键 词：小麦 D^2型细胞质 光敏雄性不育性 核质互作 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]