长沙望城县早稻田蜘蛛群落结构及动态研究  

Studies on the Structure and Dynamics of the Spider Community in Early Rice Fields in Wangcheng County of Changsha

作　　者：胡良雄[1] 贺一原[1] 杨海明[1] 胡自强[1] 王洪全[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学生命科学学院,中国湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《生命科学研究》2002年第4期371-376,共6页Life Science Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(39830040)

摘　　要：长沙望城县早稻田蜘蛛群落有9科20种,以微蛛科中的食虫沟瘤蛛所占比例最大,为第一优势种,其次是拟水狼蛛、锥腹肖蛸、八斑鞘蛛.八斑鞘蛛在早稻生长中后期发生量上升.综防田与化防田的优势种一致.施用化学农药对蜘蛛群落的丰富度、多样性有明显降低作用.稻田蜘蛛数量变动与白背飞虱及黑尾叶蝉的消长基本一致,稻田蜘蛛具有明显的控虫效应.综防田与化防田对照试验证明:现有化学农药用量减少是可行的.The structure and dynamics of the spider community in early rice field in Wangcheng County of Changsha were studied.The total number of spiders surveyed includes 20 species representing 9 families.The dominant species of the spider community were Ummeliata insecticeps,Pirata subpirticus,Tetragnatha maxillosa Thorell,Theridion octomaculalum Bdoes.Ummeliata insecticeps became the first dominant species.There was a rapid increase of Theridion octomaculalum Bdoes in the middlelate period of rice and their quantities exceed that of Tetragnatha maxillosa Thorell.The dominant species in IPM rice fields and non IPM rice field were basically consistent.Chemical pesticide had negative effect on the species richness and diversity of spiders group in non IPM rice field.Quantity alteration of spiders in rice field fundamentally consisted with that of Sogatella fureifera Horvath,Nephotettix cincticeps Uhler which spiders show obvious control over.Through the contrast test between IPM rice field and non IPM ones ,it proved that present quantities of chemical pesticide can be reduced much.

关 键 词：长沙望城 早稻田 蜘蛛群落结构 动态研究 稻田生境 

分 类 号：S186[农业科学—农业基础科学] Q958.1[生物学—动物学]