未熟-低熟烃源岩的有机岩石学特征  

ORGANIC PETROLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF IMMATURE SOURCE ROCKS

作　　者：李贤庆[1] 马安来[2] 熊波[2] 钟宁宁[3] 王铁冠[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室,广东广州510640 [2]江汉石油学院分析测试研究中心,湖北荆州434102 [3]石油大学地球科学系,北京102200

出　　处：《地质地球化学》2002年第4期20-25,共6页Geology-Geochemistry

基　　金：国家"八五"重点科技攻关项目 ( 85- 10 2- 0 2- 0 6 );中国石油天然气集团公司"九五"重点科技攻关项目 ( 96 0 0 0 6- 0 3- 0 2;96 0 0 0 6- 0 7- 0 2 )

摘　　要：采用全岩光片镜鉴和显微荧光分析方法 ,对我国不同地区 5 0 0余块未熟 低熟烃源岩样品进行了系统的有机岩石学研究。未熟 低熟烃源岩显微组分组成具有显著的非均质性 ,不同地区显示出陆源组分与水生生源组分不同的“配比”关系 ,反映出其有机质组成的复杂性 ,并确认藻类体、孢子体、树脂体、木栓质体、壳屑体和矿物沥青基质等组分是其最常见的生烃组分。基于对镜质组反射率Ro和孢子体荧光变化等演化指标特征的分析 ,认为未熟 低熟烃源岩有机质早期热演化具有明显的阶段性 ,一般都表现为“二段式”变化 ,其变化界限大致以Ro等于 0 .5 0 %～ 0 .5 5 %为界。By using the analytical methods of determining macerals on whole rock polished surfaces and micro-fluorescence technique, a systematical study was conducted of organic petrology on more than 500 samples of immature source rocks ( Ro =0.21%-0.65%) from different areas in China. The immature source rocks consist of various macerals with obvious heterogeneity. Samples from different areas show differences in proportions between terrestrial macerals and hydrobiological macerals. Changes in proportions reflect the complexities of organic matter composition in immature source rocks. It is demonstrated that alginite, sporinite, resinite, suberinite, liptodetrinite and mineral bituminous groundmass are the most common hydrocarbon-generating macerals in immature source rocks. Based on the evolutionary characteristics of vitrinite reflectance ( Ro ) and sporinite fluorescence changes, it is suggested that early evolution of organic matter in immature source rocks is of obvious stage and generally shows a two-stage evolutionary pattern. There is a dividing line between the two stages around 0.5% to 0.55% Ro .

关 键 词：未熟-低熟烃源岩 显微组分 有机质 镜质组 生烃组分 有机岩石学 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学] P593[天文地球—地质学]