咪唑衍生物的一锅法选择性合成  

Selective One-pot Synthetic Method for Imidazole and Benzimidazole Derivatives

作　　者：蒋宗林[1] 肖蓉[1] 苏晓渝[1] 鄢家明[1] 谢如刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学化学学院,成都610064

出　　处：《高等学校化学学报》2003年第1期64-67,共4页Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金 (批准号 :2 9872 0 2 8;2 0 172 0 38)资助

摘　　要：1-( 2 -氰乙基 )咪唑与 α,ω-二卤代烃、二溴苄及三溴苄选择性地发生季铵化反应 ,继而在碱作用下发生 Hoffmann型消去反应 ,简便而高效地制备了 3个系列咪唑衍生物 :1 -( ω-卤烷基 )咪唑 3a～ 3e、含中心功能基的双咪唑 5 a～ 5 b和三咪唑 6 a～ 6 b,并类似地制得相应的苯并咪唑衍生物 7和 8.A novel and selective one-pot synthetic method of imidazole and benzimidazole derivatives has been developed. Three series of target compounds, 1-(ω-haloalkyl) imidazoles 3a-3e, bis-imidazoles 5a-5b and tri-imidazoles 6a-6b have been synthesized by the selective quaterisation of 1H-imidazole-1-propanenitrile (1) with α, ω-dihalide, bis(bromomethyl) benzene or tri(bromomethyl) benzene to obtain imidazolium salts, following by Hoffmann-type elimination. Similarly, benzimidazole analogues 7 and 8 were also prepared. It is found that important factors affecting this selective quaterisation are the solvent, temperature, structure and amount of halides.

关 键 词：一锅法 选择性合成 咪唑衍生物 季铵化反应 Hoffmann型消去反应 

分 类 号：O626.23[理学—有机化学]