骆驼蓬等植物提取物杀虫活性研究  

The Insecticidal Activity of the Extract of Peganum harmala and Other Plant Species Against Pest Insects

作　　者：马安勤[1] 钟国华[1] 胡美英[1] 王强[1] 王文祥[1] 孙之潭[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学昆虫毒理研究室,广东广州510642

出　　处：《华南农业大学学报》2003年第1期38-41,共4页Journal of South China Agricultural University

摘　　要：以采自新疆的植物骆驼蓬、黄花蒿、艾蒿和采自云南恶性杂草紫茎泽兰为植物材料,研究其提取物对萝卜蚜、菜粉蝶、斜纹夜蛾的生物活性.结果表明,骆驼蓬甲醇提取物10000μg/mL处理后24和48h,萝卜蚜校正死亡率分别为93.07%和96 36%;处理后24h,对菜粉蝶5龄幼虫和斜纹夜蛾3龄幼虫的非选择性拒食率分别为90 81%和72 13%,均高于其他3种植物甲醇提取物.盆栽试验表明,骆驼蓬甲醇提取物对萝卜蚜防治效果良好,以10000μg/mL喷施处理后24和48h,防效可达71 34%和89 82%.Biological activity of the extracts from three plant species, Artemisia annua Linn, Artemisis arggi Le′vl et Vant, Peganum harmala Linn collected from Xinjiang Vygur Autonomous Region and a species of weed (Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng) from Yunnan province in China were tested against Lipaphis erysimi, Pieris rapae and Spodotera litura. The results showed that it was very effective to the turnip aphid (L. erysimi), methanolic extract of P. harmala at a concentration of 10 000 μg/mL caused the mortality 93.07% and 96.36% in 24 and 48 h after treatment, respectively. Using the leaf disk method, the antifeedant rate of methanolic extract of P. harmala at 10 000 μg/mL were 9081% and 72.13% against the 5th instar larvae of P. rapae and the 3rd instar larvae of S. litura after 24 h, respectively. The results of pot test in the greenhouse showed that the effective control of the turnip aphid were 71.34% and 89.82% after 24 and 48 h spraying in 10 000 μg/mL of methanolic extract from the seed of P. harmala, respectively.

关 键 词：植物提取物 骆驼蓬 萝卜蚜 菜粉蝶 斜纹夜蛾 杀虫活性 杀虫植物 

分 类 号：S482.39[农业科学—农药学]