南京市1990～2000年围生儿出生缺陷监测结果分析  

Surveillance of selected major birth befects in Nanjing, China 1990-2000

作　　者：吕耘[1] 陈静琴[1] 徐芾[1] 林祖荣[1] 姜晓红[1] 李近瑶[1] 王国柱[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京市妇幼保健院妇保科,江苏210004

出　　处：《中国优生优育（1990-2002上半年）》2002年第2期65-68,共4页Journal of Improving Birth Outcome and Child Development of China

摘　　要：目的 为了解南京市围生儿出生缺陷的发生种类及分布情况,寻找影响出生缺陷的相关因素。方法 1990年1月-2000年12月监测南京市11所医院住院分娩孕28周-产后7 d的围生儿。按全国出生缺陷监测统一标准要求,由医院逐月上报《围生儿数月报表》、《出生缺陷登记卡》至市妇女保健所。结果 围生儿出生缺陷发生率7.95‰(1 254/157 637),唇腭裂,畸指(趾),神经管畸形是南京市围生儿出生缺陷前3位高发种类;男性出生缺陷发生率为8.75‰(721/82 432)高于女性6.86‰(516/75 188);产母年龄≥35岁是出生缺陷的高发风险因素。结论 进一步开展婚前生殖健康教育和医学检查,指导新婚妇女服用小剂量叶酸预防神经管畸形,孕期开展产前诊断、遗传咨询、Down综合征筛查和新生儿疾病筛查工作,降低出生缺陷的发生率。Objective To assess the prevalence of and leading birth defects in Nanjing. Methods Birth defect cases were diagnosed and reported for babies from 28 weeks of gestational age to 7 days after delivery through a hospital based active surveillance system. Results A total of 1 254 (7. 95 %) babies with birth defects were found among 157 637 total births. The rank of leading birth defects was oral clefts, dactylus defects and neural tube defects which was rather stable from 1990 to 2000. Prevalence of birth defects for male babies was statistically higher than the one for female babies (P<0. 01). Prevalence of birth defects was the highest among babies whose mothers were 35 years old and above compared to babies whose mother were at other age groups (P<0. 01). Conclusion It is recommended to reduce the occurrence of birth defects through the conduct of health education, genetic counseling, premarital and perinatal examination; supplementation of folk acid, and prenatal and neonatal screening of birth defects.

关 键 词：南京市 1990-2000年 围生医学 出生缺陷 优生学 危险因素 

分 类 号：R714.7[医药卫生—妇产科学]