直肠表面动脉的形态学观测  

Morphologic study of the arteries on the surface of the rectum

作　　者：赵振富[1] 钟震亚[1] 王庆林[1] 田国忠[1] 王守安[1] 

机构地区：[1]佳木斯大学基础医学院局解教研室,佳木斯市154007

出　　处：《解剖学研究》2002年第4期281-283,288,I007,共5页Anatomy Research

摘　　要：目的观察直肠表面动脉的分支分布特点。方法随机选取成人尸体20具,婴幼儿尸体15具,行巨微解剖观察。结果上段直肠主要由乙状结肠直肠动脉的横支供血,在器官表面的分支形式多为环绕型;直肠壶腹主要由直肠上动脉的终支供血,其在器官表面的分支形式多呈主根须样;直肠颈主要由直肠下动脉和肛动脉供血,其在器官表面的分支形式可有鸦爪型、单支型、二叉型、三又型及“K”型等;上半直肠多为横行的环状分布,下半直肠多为纵行分布;各支间可存在吻合,方式为网型、直接及不规则型吻合。结论在上半直肠前壁和直肠颈后壁,存在无血管吻合区;直肠动脉在器官表面存在区域性配布的特点。Objective To observe the characters of the branches of the rectal facial arteries. Methods Twenty corpses of adults and 15 corpses of children were dissected under the operative microscope. Results The blood-supply of the up-half rectum were mainly from the horizontal branches of the sigmoid-rectal arteries which were the branches of super rectal artery. The form of the branches of the horizontal branch appeared to be ring-like pattern;The blood-supply of the rectal ampulla were mainly from the terminal branches of the super rectal artery and it was appeared to be the' main root' pattern on the surface of rectal ampulla; Rectal neck were mainly supplied by inferior rectal artery and anal canal artery. The pattern of these two arteries on the surface can be 'crow paw' form, single form, 'two fork', 'three fork' and 'K' form. The distrabuting pattern on the organic face of the up-half rectum appears mainly horizontal ringlike; While that of the down-half rectum appears mainly vertical clump;There were anastomoses among the branches of these arteries and the form can be 'net' and irregular. Conclusion There are no-anastomosis region of blood vessels in the forward wall of up-half rectum and in the back wall of rectal neck;The distribution of the facial arteries has the character of regional distributing.

关 键 词：形态学 直肠 动脉 局部解剖学 

分 类 号：R322[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]