甲状旁腺的局部解剖及临床应用  

The regional dissection and clinical application of parathyoid gland

作　　者：郭兴 陈湘秋 黄树平[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省邵阳市卫校解剖教研室,邵阳422000 [2]湖南长沙市卫生学校解剖教研室,长沙410006

出　　处：《解剖学研究》2002年第4期296-297,共2页Anatomy Research

摘　　要：目的为临床上行甲状旁腺腺瘤或增生的摘除和甲状腺次全切除术等,提供有关位置和形态参数。方法对109例成人尸体甲状旁腺的位置进行解剖观察,并用游标卡尺测量甲状腺的大小。结果在109例标本中共发现345个甲状旁腺,平均每例3.17个甲状旁腺,80％的甲状旁腺位于正常的较为隐蔽的位置,上一对位于甲状腺侧叶后缘中点以上至上1/4与下3/4交界处;下一对位于甲状腺侧叶的下1/3段。均在甲状腺固有囊与筋膜鞘之间。结论甲状腺次全切除一般是保留侧叶后部,也就是保护甲状旁腺,防止损伤喉返神经的有效措施,更重要的是要严格紧靠甲状腺固有囊清理并完整保留固有囊外侧叶上下端附近的脂肪组织和疏松结缔组织,作甲状旁腺腺瘤或增生的摘除术要广泛探查。Objectives To be familiar with the place and shape when making the operation of removing the thyroma or hyperplasia and subtotal thyroidectomy.Methods To dissect 109 adult dodies and observed the place and shape of the parathoid gland and measure the xize with the vernier parathyoid.Results In 109 cases,345 units were found with the average of 17 units each case,80 percent of the parathyoid gland lies in the concealing plae.The (up) couple Lies in the centre to the crossing place(up 1/4 and down 1/3), The (down) couple lies in the place 1/3 section. Conclusion The removing of thyrioid gland generally remains the side back, That's also a good way of protecting the parathyoild largngeal nerve. It is important to strict with and close to the inherent dermoid clear, tidy and fully remain the fat fissue and the connective tissue. Therefore, to make the oeperation of removing the thyroma or hyperplasia and subtotal throidectomy shoud be explored widely.

关 键 词：甲状旁腺 甲状腺 局部解剖学 甲状旁腺腺瘤 甲状腺次全切除术 

分 类 号：R322[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]